Impacts of Fallow Conditions, Compost and Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Nematode Community in Salt–Affected Paddy Rice Fields in Acid Sulfate and Alluvial Soils in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Avoidance of intensive rice cultivation (IRC) and soil amendments are potential practices to enhance soil properties. There is only limited information on the effects of reduced IRC and its mixture with compost or silicate fertilizer (Si) on the soil nematode community in salt–affected soils. This s...
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doaj-2a53aca32a7e4144bb62a20e5e106ab82021-04-02T21:38:03ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-02-011142542510.3390/agronomy11030425Impacts of Fallow Conditions, Compost and Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Nematode Community in Salt–Affected Paddy Rice Fields in Acid Sulfate and Alluvial Soils in the Mekong Delta, VietnamNguyen Van Sinh0Chau Minh Khoi1Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong2Tran Ba Linh3Dang Duy Minh4Roland N. Perry5Koki Toyota6Graduate School of Bio–Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184–8588, JapanDepartment of Soil Science, Can Tho University, Campus II, Can Tho 900100, VietnamDepartment of Soil Science, Can Tho University, Campus II, Can Tho 900100, VietnamDepartment of Soil Science, Can Tho University, Campus II, Can Tho 900100, VietnamDepartment of Soil Science, Can Tho University, Campus II, Can Tho 900100, VietnamSchool of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL10 9AB, UKGraduate School of Bio–Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo 184–8588, JapanAvoidance of intensive rice cultivation (IRC) and soil amendments are potential practices to enhance soil properties. There is only limited information on the effects of reduced IRC and its mixture with compost or silicate fertilizer (Si) on the soil nematode community in salt–affected soils. This study aimed to assess the shifts of soil nematode community by reducing a rice crop from triple rice system (RRR) to a double rice system and mixed with compost or Si in paddy fields in acid sulfate soil (ASS) and alluvial soil (AL) in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Field experiments were designed with four treatments in four replicates, including RRR and a proposed system of double–rice followed by a fallow (FRR) and with 3 Mg ha<sup>–1</sup> crop<sup>−1</sup> compost or 100 kg ha<sup>–1</sup> crop<sup>−1</sup> Si. Soils were collected at harvest after the 2 year experiment, reflecting the fifth and third consecutive rice crop in RRR and FRR system, respectively. Results showed that reduced IRC gave a significant reduction in abundance of plant–parasitic nematodes (PPN), dominated by <i>Hirschmanniella</i> and increased abundance bacterivorous nematodes when mixed to compost and silicate fertilizer in ASS<i>. In addition, reduced IRC increased nematode biodiversity Hill’s indices and reduced herbivorous footprint in ASS. Proposed system having compost or Si had strongly increased in bacterivorous and omnivorous footprints. Particularly, reduced IRC mixture with Si </i>increased abundance of <i>Rhabdolaimus</i>, <i>Mesodorylaimus</i> and <i>Aquatides</i>, metabolic footprints (structure footprint, bacterivorous, omnivorous and predator) and diversity Hill’s N1 index in ASS. Our results highlighted that reduced IRC was a beneficial practice for decreasing abundance of PPN in salt-affected soils and increasing abundance of FLN in ASS. IRC mixture with compost or Si had potential in structuring the nematode communities with increasing biodiversity, trophic structure, and metabolic footprints.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/425metabolic footprintsomnivoroussaline soilsoil amendmentsustainabilitytrophic structure |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Nguyen Van Sinh Chau Minh Khoi Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong Tran Ba Linh Dang Duy Minh Roland N. Perry Koki Toyota |
spellingShingle |
Nguyen Van Sinh Chau Minh Khoi Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong Tran Ba Linh Dang Duy Minh Roland N. Perry Koki Toyota Impacts of Fallow Conditions, Compost and Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Nematode Community in Salt–Affected Paddy Rice Fields in Acid Sulfate and Alluvial Soils in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam Agronomy metabolic footprints omnivorous saline soil soil amendment sustainability trophic structure |
author_facet |
Nguyen Van Sinh Chau Minh Khoi Nguyen Thi Kim Phuong Tran Ba Linh Dang Duy Minh Roland N. Perry Koki Toyota |
author_sort |
Nguyen Van Sinh |
title |
Impacts of Fallow Conditions, Compost and Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Nematode Community in Salt–Affected Paddy Rice Fields in Acid Sulfate and Alluvial Soils in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam |
title_short |
Impacts of Fallow Conditions, Compost and Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Nematode Community in Salt–Affected Paddy Rice Fields in Acid Sulfate and Alluvial Soils in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam |
title_full |
Impacts of Fallow Conditions, Compost and Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Nematode Community in Salt–Affected Paddy Rice Fields in Acid Sulfate and Alluvial Soils in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam |
title_fullStr |
Impacts of Fallow Conditions, Compost and Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Nematode Community in Salt–Affected Paddy Rice Fields in Acid Sulfate and Alluvial Soils in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impacts of Fallow Conditions, Compost and Silicate Fertilizer on Soil Nematode Community in Salt–Affected Paddy Rice Fields in Acid Sulfate and Alluvial Soils in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam |
title_sort |
impacts of fallow conditions, compost and silicate fertilizer on soil nematode community in salt–affected paddy rice fields in acid sulfate and alluvial soils in the mekong delta, vietnam |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Agronomy |
issn |
2073-4395 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
Avoidance of intensive rice cultivation (IRC) and soil amendments are potential practices to enhance soil properties. There is only limited information on the effects of reduced IRC and its mixture with compost or silicate fertilizer (Si) on the soil nematode community in salt–affected soils. This study aimed to assess the shifts of soil nematode community by reducing a rice crop from triple rice system (RRR) to a double rice system and mixed with compost or Si in paddy fields in acid sulfate soil (ASS) and alluvial soil (AL) in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Field experiments were designed with four treatments in four replicates, including RRR and a proposed system of double–rice followed by a fallow (FRR) and with 3 Mg ha<sup>–1</sup> crop<sup>−1</sup> compost or 100 kg ha<sup>–1</sup> crop<sup>−1</sup> Si. Soils were collected at harvest after the 2 year experiment, reflecting the fifth and third consecutive rice crop in RRR and FRR system, respectively. Results showed that reduced IRC gave a significant reduction in abundance of plant–parasitic nematodes (PPN), dominated by <i>Hirschmanniella</i> and increased abundance bacterivorous nematodes when mixed to compost and silicate fertilizer in ASS<i>. In addition, reduced IRC increased nematode biodiversity Hill’s indices and reduced herbivorous footprint in ASS. Proposed system having compost or Si had strongly increased in bacterivorous and omnivorous footprints. Particularly, reduced IRC mixture with Si </i>increased abundance of <i>Rhabdolaimus</i>, <i>Mesodorylaimus</i> and <i>Aquatides</i>, metabolic footprints (structure footprint, bacterivorous, omnivorous and predator) and diversity Hill’s N1 index in ASS. Our results highlighted that reduced IRC was a beneficial practice for decreasing abundance of PPN in salt-affected soils and increasing abundance of FLN in ASS. IRC mixture with compost or Si had potential in structuring the nematode communities with increasing biodiversity, trophic structure, and metabolic footprints. |
topic |
metabolic footprints omnivorous saline soil soil amendment sustainability trophic structure |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/3/425 |
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