New insights of Microsporidial infection among asymptomatic aboriginal population in Malaysia.
BACKGROUND: Studies on microsporidial infection mostly focus on immunodeficiency or immunosuppressive individuals. Therefore, this cross-sectional study describes the prevalence and risk factors of microsporidiosis among asymptomatic individuals in Malaysia. METHODS/FINDINGS: Four hundred and forty...
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doaj-2a99bc62fdee4f82bba3342db56548742020-11-25T01:34:53ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-0188e7187010.1371/journal.pone.0071870New insights of Microsporidial infection among asymptomatic aboriginal population in Malaysia.Tengku Shahrul AnuarHesham M Al-MekhlafiFatmah Md SallehNorhayati MoktarBACKGROUND: Studies on microsporidial infection mostly focus on immunodeficiency or immunosuppressive individuals. Therefore, this cross-sectional study describes the prevalence and risk factors of microsporidiosis among asymptomatic individuals in Malaysia. METHODS/FINDINGS: Four hundred and forty seven stool samples were collected and examined for microsporidia after staining with Gram-chromotrope Kinyoun. Demographic, socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral information were collected by using a pre-tested questionnaire. Overall, 67 (15%) samples were positive for microsporidia. The prevalence of infection was significantly higher among individuals aged more than 15 years compared to those aged <15 years (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.08, 3.62; P = 0.028). Furthermore, logistic regression analysis confirmed that the presence of other family members infected with microsporidia (OR = 8.45; 95% CI = 4.30, 16.62; P<0.001) and being a consumer of raw vegetables (OR = 2.05; 95% CI = 1.15, 3.66; P = 0.016) were the significant risk factors of this infection. CONCLUSIONS: These findings clearly show that exposure to microsporidia is common among Aboriginal population. Further studies using molecular approach on microsporidia isolates from asymptomatic individuals is needed to determine species-specific. The risk factors associated with microsporidiosis will help in identifying more clearly the sources of the infection in the environment that pose a risk for transmission so that preventive strategies can be implemented.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3754962?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tengku Shahrul Anuar Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi Fatmah Md Salleh Norhayati Moktar |
spellingShingle |
Tengku Shahrul Anuar Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi Fatmah Md Salleh Norhayati Moktar New insights of Microsporidial infection among asymptomatic aboriginal population in Malaysia. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Tengku Shahrul Anuar Hesham M Al-Mekhlafi Fatmah Md Salleh Norhayati Moktar |
author_sort |
Tengku Shahrul Anuar |
title |
New insights of Microsporidial infection among asymptomatic aboriginal population in Malaysia. |
title_short |
New insights of Microsporidial infection among asymptomatic aboriginal population in Malaysia. |
title_full |
New insights of Microsporidial infection among asymptomatic aboriginal population in Malaysia. |
title_fullStr |
New insights of Microsporidial infection among asymptomatic aboriginal population in Malaysia. |
title_full_unstemmed |
New insights of Microsporidial infection among asymptomatic aboriginal population in Malaysia. |
title_sort |
new insights of microsporidial infection among asymptomatic aboriginal population in malaysia. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2013-01-01 |
description |
BACKGROUND: Studies on microsporidial infection mostly focus on immunodeficiency or immunosuppressive individuals. Therefore, this cross-sectional study describes the prevalence and risk factors of microsporidiosis among asymptomatic individuals in Malaysia. METHODS/FINDINGS: Four hundred and forty seven stool samples were collected and examined for microsporidia after staining with Gram-chromotrope Kinyoun. Demographic, socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral information were collected by using a pre-tested questionnaire. Overall, 67 (15%) samples were positive for microsporidia. The prevalence of infection was significantly higher among individuals aged more than 15 years compared to those aged <15 years (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.08, 3.62; P = 0.028). Furthermore, logistic regression analysis confirmed that the presence of other family members infected with microsporidia (OR = 8.45; 95% CI = 4.30, 16.62; P<0.001) and being a consumer of raw vegetables (OR = 2.05; 95% CI = 1.15, 3.66; P = 0.016) were the significant risk factors of this infection. CONCLUSIONS: These findings clearly show that exposure to microsporidia is common among Aboriginal population. Further studies using molecular approach on microsporidia isolates from asymptomatic individuals is needed to determine species-specific. The risk factors associated with microsporidiosis will help in identifying more clearly the sources of the infection in the environment that pose a risk for transmission so that preventive strategies can be implemented. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3754962?pdf=render |
work_keys_str_mv |
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