Omega-3 Fatty Acids-Enriched Fish Oil Activates AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling and Prevents Obesity-Related Skeletal Muscle Wasting
Obesity is known to cause skeletal muscle wasting. This study investigated the effect and the possible mechanism of fish oil on skeletal muscle wasting in an obese rat model. High-fat (HF) diets were applied to induce the defects of lipid metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley rats with or without substi...
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doaj-2b3b25a4146a4d8aabf15760d4832a772020-11-25T01:08:23ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972019-06-0117638010.3390/md17060380md17060380Omega-3 Fatty Acids-Enriched Fish Oil Activates AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling and Prevents Obesity-Related Skeletal Muscle WastingShing-Hwa Liu0Chen-Yuan Chiu1Lou-Pin Wang2Meng-Tsan Chiang3Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, TaiwanInstitute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, TaiwanDepartment of Food Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, TaiwanDepartment of Food Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 202, TaiwanObesity is known to cause skeletal muscle wasting. This study investigated the effect and the possible mechanism of fish oil on skeletal muscle wasting in an obese rat model. High-fat (HF) diets were applied to induce the defects of lipid metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley rats with or without substitution of omega-3 fatty acids-enriched fish oil (FO, 5%) for eight weeks. Diets supplemented with 5% FO showed a significant decrease in the final body weight compared to HF diet-fed rats. The decreased soleus muscle weights in HF diet-fed rats could be improved by FO substitution. The decreased myosin heavy chain (a muscle thick filament protein) and increased FOXO3A and Atrogin-1 (muscle atrophy-related proteins) protein expressions in soleus muscles of HF diet-fed rats could also be reversed by FO substitution. FO substitution could also significantly activate adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and PPARγ protein expression and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA expression in soleus muscles of HF diet-fed rats. These results suggest that substitution of FO exerts a beneficial improvement in the imbalance of lipid and muscle metabolisms in obesity. AMPK/PGC-1α signaling may play an important role in FO-prevented obesity-induced muscle wasting.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/17/6/380fish oilobesityskeletal muscle wastingAMP-activated protein kinase |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Shing-Hwa Liu Chen-Yuan Chiu Lou-Pin Wang Meng-Tsan Chiang |
spellingShingle |
Shing-Hwa Liu Chen-Yuan Chiu Lou-Pin Wang Meng-Tsan Chiang Omega-3 Fatty Acids-Enriched Fish Oil Activates AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling and Prevents Obesity-Related Skeletal Muscle Wasting Marine Drugs fish oil obesity skeletal muscle wasting AMP-activated protein kinase |
author_facet |
Shing-Hwa Liu Chen-Yuan Chiu Lou-Pin Wang Meng-Tsan Chiang |
author_sort |
Shing-Hwa Liu |
title |
Omega-3 Fatty Acids-Enriched Fish Oil Activates AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling and Prevents Obesity-Related Skeletal Muscle Wasting |
title_short |
Omega-3 Fatty Acids-Enriched Fish Oil Activates AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling and Prevents Obesity-Related Skeletal Muscle Wasting |
title_full |
Omega-3 Fatty Acids-Enriched Fish Oil Activates AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling and Prevents Obesity-Related Skeletal Muscle Wasting |
title_fullStr |
Omega-3 Fatty Acids-Enriched Fish Oil Activates AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling and Prevents Obesity-Related Skeletal Muscle Wasting |
title_full_unstemmed |
Omega-3 Fatty Acids-Enriched Fish Oil Activates AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling and Prevents Obesity-Related Skeletal Muscle Wasting |
title_sort |
omega-3 fatty acids-enriched fish oil activates ampk/pgc-1α signaling and prevents obesity-related skeletal muscle wasting |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Marine Drugs |
issn |
1660-3397 |
publishDate |
2019-06-01 |
description |
Obesity is known to cause skeletal muscle wasting. This study investigated the effect and the possible mechanism of fish oil on skeletal muscle wasting in an obese rat model. High-fat (HF) diets were applied to induce the defects of lipid metabolism in male Sprague-Dawley rats with or without substitution of omega-3 fatty acids-enriched fish oil (FO, 5%) for eight weeks. Diets supplemented with 5% FO showed a significant decrease in the final body weight compared to HF diet-fed rats. The decreased soleus muscle weights in HF diet-fed rats could be improved by FO substitution. The decreased myosin heavy chain (a muscle thick filament protein) and increased FOXO3A and Atrogin-1 (muscle atrophy-related proteins) protein expressions in soleus muscles of HF diet-fed rats could also be reversed by FO substitution. FO substitution could also significantly activate adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) coactivator 1α (PGC-1α), and PPARγ protein expression and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA expression in soleus muscles of HF diet-fed rats. These results suggest that substitution of FO exerts a beneficial improvement in the imbalance of lipid and muscle metabolisms in obesity. AMPK/PGC-1α signaling may play an important role in FO-prevented obesity-induced muscle wasting. |
topic |
fish oil obesity skeletal muscle wasting AMP-activated protein kinase |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/17/6/380 |
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