Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Patients with HIV/AIDS in Iran

• Main Authors: A Hadadi, P Tajik, M Rasoolinejad, S Davoudi, M Mohraz
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2011-03-01
• Series: Iranian Journal of Public Health
• Subjects: Pulmonary Tuberculosis; HIV; TB and HIV; Iran
• Online Access: http://journals.tums.ac.ir/PdfMed.aspx?pdf_med=/upload_files/pdf/17780.pdf&manuscript_id=17780

"nBackground: Pulmonary tuberculosis is still the most common form of tuberculosis in HIV infected patients having differ­ent presentations according to the degree of immunosuppression. This study appraised the impact of HIV infection on clini­cal, laboratory and radiological presentations of tuberculosis."nMethods: The clinical, laboratory and radiological presentations of pulmonary TB in 56 HIV-infected patients were com­pared with 56 individually sex and age matched HIV-seronegative ones, admitted to Imam Hospital in Tehran (1999-2006) us­ing paired t-test in a case control study.  "nResults: All cases and the controls were male. Fever was found in 83.9% of the HIV positive patients compared to 80% of the HIV negative ones. Cough was the most common clinical finding in the HIV negative group (89.3% vs. 82.1% in HIV posi­tive group). Among radiological features, cavitary lesions, upper lobe and bilateral pulmonary involvement were ob­served significantly less often in the HIV-infected group. On the contrary, lymphadenopathy was just present in the HIV posi­tive group in this series of patients (12%) and primary pattern tuberculosis was more common, as well (71% vs. 39%, P= 0.02). The Tuberculin test was reactive in 29% of the HIV/TB patients."nConclusion: The coexistence of both infections alters the picture of tuberculosis in many aspects and should be taken into ac­count when considering a diagnosis of HIV infection and its potential for TB co-infection, and vice-versa.