Is it time to change the reference genome?

• Main Authors: Sara Ballouz, Alexander Dobin, Jesse A. Gillis
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BMC 2019-08-01
• Series: Genome Biology
• Online Access: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13059-019-1774-4

Abstract The use of the human reference genome has shaped methods and data across modern genomics. This has offered many benefits while creating a few constraints. In the following opinion, we outline the history, properties, and pitfalls of the current human reference genome. In a few illustrative analyses, we focus on its use for variant-calling, highlighting its nearness to a ‘type specimen’. We suggest that switching to a consensus reference would offer important advantages over the continued use of the current reference with few disadvantages.