| Summary: | Regional studies on the erosive power of rainfall patterns are still limited and the actual impacts that may follow on erosional and sedimentation processes are poorly understood. Given the several interrelated challenges of environmental management, it is also not always unclear what is relevant for the development of adaptive and integrated approaches facilitating sustainable water resource management. This editorial introduces the Special Issue entitled “Rainfall Erosivity in Soil Erosion Processes”, which offers options to fill some of these gaps. Three studies performed in China and Central Asia (by Duulatov et al., <i>Water</i> <b>2019</b>, <i>11</i>, 897, Xu et al., <b>2019</b>, <i>11</i>, 2429, Gu et al. <b>2020</b>, <i>12</i>, 200) show that the erosion potential of rainfall is increasing in this region, driving social, economic, and environmental consequences. In the same region (the Weibei Plateau in China), Fu et al. (<i>Water</i> <b>2019</b>, <i>11</i>, 1514) assessed the effect of raindrop energy on the splash distance and particle size distribution of aggregate splash erosion. In the Mediterranean, updated estimates of current and future rainfall erosivity for Greece are provided by Vantas et al. (<i>Water</i> <b>2020</b>, <i>12</i>, 687), while Diodato and Bellocchi (<i>Water</i> <b>2019</b>, <i>11</i>, 2306) reconstructed and investigated seasonal net erosion in an Italian catchment using parsimonious modelling. Then, this Special Issue includes two technologically oriented articles by Ricks at al. The first (<i>Water</i> <b>2019</b>, <i>11</i>, 2386) evaluated a large-scale rainfall simulator design to simulate rainfall with characteristics similar to natural rainfall. The data provided contribute to the information that may be useful for the government's decision making when considering landscape changes caused by variations in the intensity of a rainfall event. The second article (<i>Water</i> <b>2020</b>, <i>12</i>, 515) illustrated a laboratory-scale test of mulching methods to protect against the discharge of sediment-laden stormwater from active construction sites (e.g., highway construction projects).
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