Current Experience in Testing Mitochondrial Nutrients in Disorders Featuring Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Rational Design of Chemoprevention Trials
An extensive number of pathologies are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) and oxidative stress (OS). Thus, mitochondrial cofactors termed “mitochondrial nutrients” (MN), such as α-lipoic acid (ALA), Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and l-carnitine (CARN) (or its derivatives) have been tested in a...
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doaj-2c5fb5ad0f7e4acf9a572834debff78b2020-11-24T21:08:45ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672014-11-011511201692020810.3390/ijms151120169ijms151120169Current Experience in Testing Mitochondrial Nutrients in Disorders Featuring Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Rational Design of Chemoprevention TrialsGiovanni Pagano0Annarita Aiello Talamanca1Giuseppe Castello2Mario D. Cordero3Marco d'Ischia4Maria Nicola Gadaleta5Federico V. Pallardó6Sandra Petrović7Luca Tiano8Adriana Zatterale9Istituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale—Cancer Research Center at Mercogliano (CROM)—IRCCS, Naples I-80131, ItalyIstituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale—Cancer Research Center at Mercogliano (CROM)—IRCCS, Naples I-80131, ItalyIstituto Nazionale Tumori Fondazione G. Pascale—Cancer Research Center at Mercogliano (CROM)—IRCCS, Naples I-80131, ItalyResearch Laboratory, Dental School, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla 41009, SpainDepartment of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples I-80126, ItalyNational Research Council, Institute of Biomembranes and Bioenergetics, Bari I-70126, ItalyCIBERER (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras), University of Valencia—INCLIVA, Valencia 46010, SpainVinca" Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11001, SerbiaBiochemistry Unit, Department of Clinical and Dental Sciences, Polytechnical University of Marche, Ancona I-60131, ItalyGenetics Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Locale (ASL) Napoli 1 Centro, Naples I-80136, ItalyAn extensive number of pathologies are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) and oxidative stress (OS). Thus, mitochondrial cofactors termed “mitochondrial nutrients” (MN), such as α-lipoic acid (ALA), Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and l-carnitine (CARN) (or its derivatives) have been tested in a number of clinical trials, and this review is focused on the use of MN-based clinical trials. The papers reporting on MN-based clinical trials were retrieved in MedLine up to July 2014, and evaluated for the following endpoints: (a) treated diseases; (b) dosages, number of enrolled patients and duration of treatment; (c) trial success for each MN or MN combinations as reported by authors. The reports satisfying the above endpoints included total numbers of trials and frequencies of randomized, controlled studies, i.e., 81 trials testing ALA, 107 reports testing CoQ10, and 74 reports testing CARN, while only 7 reports were retrieved testing double MN associations, while no report was found testing a triple MN combination. A total of 28 reports tested MN associations with “classical” antioxidants, such as antioxidant nutrients or drugs. Combinations of MN showed better outcomes than individual MN, suggesting forthcoming clinical studies. The criteria in study design and monitoring MN-based clinical trials are discussed.http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/15/11/20169mitochondrial nutrientsmitochondrial dysfunctionoxidative stressoxidative phosphorylationKrebs cycle |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Giovanni Pagano Annarita Aiello Talamanca Giuseppe Castello Mario D. Cordero Marco d'Ischia Maria Nicola Gadaleta Federico V. Pallardó Sandra Petrović Luca Tiano Adriana Zatterale |
spellingShingle |
Giovanni Pagano Annarita Aiello Talamanca Giuseppe Castello Mario D. Cordero Marco d'Ischia Maria Nicola Gadaleta Federico V. Pallardó Sandra Petrović Luca Tiano Adriana Zatterale Current Experience in Testing Mitochondrial Nutrients in Disorders Featuring Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Rational Design of Chemoprevention Trials International Journal of Molecular Sciences mitochondrial nutrients mitochondrial dysfunction oxidative stress oxidative phosphorylation Krebs cycle |
author_facet |
Giovanni Pagano Annarita Aiello Talamanca Giuseppe Castello Mario D. Cordero Marco d'Ischia Maria Nicola Gadaleta Federico V. Pallardó Sandra Petrović Luca Tiano Adriana Zatterale |
author_sort |
Giovanni Pagano |
title |
Current Experience in Testing Mitochondrial Nutrients in Disorders Featuring Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Rational Design of Chemoprevention Trials |
title_short |
Current Experience in Testing Mitochondrial Nutrients in Disorders Featuring Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Rational Design of Chemoprevention Trials |
title_full |
Current Experience in Testing Mitochondrial Nutrients in Disorders Featuring Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Rational Design of Chemoprevention Trials |
title_fullStr |
Current Experience in Testing Mitochondrial Nutrients in Disorders Featuring Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Rational Design of Chemoprevention Trials |
title_full_unstemmed |
Current Experience in Testing Mitochondrial Nutrients in Disorders Featuring Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Rational Design of Chemoprevention Trials |
title_sort |
current experience in testing mitochondrial nutrients in disorders featuring oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction: rational design of chemoprevention trials |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2014-11-01 |
description |
An extensive number of pathologies are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction (MDF) and oxidative stress (OS). Thus, mitochondrial cofactors termed “mitochondrial nutrients” (MN), such as α-lipoic acid (ALA), Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and l-carnitine (CARN) (or its derivatives) have been tested in a number of clinical trials, and this review is focused on the use of MN-based clinical trials. The papers reporting on MN-based clinical trials were retrieved in MedLine up to July 2014, and evaluated for the following endpoints: (a) treated diseases; (b) dosages, number of enrolled patients and duration of treatment; (c) trial success for each MN or MN combinations as reported by authors. The reports satisfying the above endpoints included total numbers of trials and frequencies of randomized, controlled studies, i.e., 81 trials testing ALA, 107 reports testing CoQ10, and 74 reports testing CARN, while only 7 reports were retrieved testing double MN associations, while no report was found testing a triple MN combination. A total of 28 reports tested MN associations with “classical” antioxidants, such as antioxidant nutrients or drugs. Combinations of MN showed better outcomes than individual MN, suggesting forthcoming clinical studies. The criteria in study design and monitoring MN-based clinical trials are discussed. |
topic |
mitochondrial nutrients mitochondrial dysfunction oxidative stress oxidative phosphorylation Krebs cycle |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/15/11/20169 |
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