Swallow Motor Pattern Is Modulated by Fixed or Stochastic Alterations in Afferent Feedback
Afferent feedback can appreciably alter the pharyngeal phase of swallow. In order to measure the stability of the swallow motor pattern during several types of alterations in afferent feedback, we assessed swallow during a conventional water challenge in four anesthetized cats, and compared that to...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-04-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00112/full |
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Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Suzanne N. King Suzanne N. King Tabitha Y. Shen M. Nicholas Musselwhite Alyssa Huff Alyssa Huff Mitchell D. Reed Mitchell D. Reed Ivan Poliacek Ivan Poliacek Dena R. Howland Dena R. Howland Dena R. Howland Warren Dixon Kendall F. Morris Donald C. Bolser Kimberly E. Iceman Kimberly E. Iceman Teresa Pitts Teresa Pitts |
spellingShingle |
Suzanne N. King Suzanne N. King Tabitha Y. Shen M. Nicholas Musselwhite Alyssa Huff Alyssa Huff Mitchell D. Reed Mitchell D. Reed Ivan Poliacek Ivan Poliacek Dena R. Howland Dena R. Howland Dena R. Howland Warren Dixon Kendall F. Morris Donald C. Bolser Kimberly E. Iceman Kimberly E. Iceman Teresa Pitts Teresa Pitts Swallow Motor Pattern Is Modulated by Fixed or Stochastic Alterations in Afferent Feedback Frontiers in Human Neuroscience deglutition schluckatmung diaphragm facilitation electrical stimulation swallow |
author_facet |
Suzanne N. King Suzanne N. King Tabitha Y. Shen M. Nicholas Musselwhite Alyssa Huff Alyssa Huff Mitchell D. Reed Mitchell D. Reed Ivan Poliacek Ivan Poliacek Dena R. Howland Dena R. Howland Dena R. Howland Warren Dixon Kendall F. Morris Donald C. Bolser Kimberly E. Iceman Kimberly E. Iceman Teresa Pitts Teresa Pitts |
author_sort |
Suzanne N. King |
title |
Swallow Motor Pattern Is Modulated by Fixed or Stochastic Alterations in Afferent Feedback |
title_short |
Swallow Motor Pattern Is Modulated by Fixed or Stochastic Alterations in Afferent Feedback |
title_full |
Swallow Motor Pattern Is Modulated by Fixed or Stochastic Alterations in Afferent Feedback |
title_fullStr |
Swallow Motor Pattern Is Modulated by Fixed or Stochastic Alterations in Afferent Feedback |
title_full_unstemmed |
Swallow Motor Pattern Is Modulated by Fixed or Stochastic Alterations in Afferent Feedback |
title_sort |
swallow motor pattern is modulated by fixed or stochastic alterations in afferent feedback |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience |
issn |
1662-5161 |
publishDate |
2020-04-01 |
description |
Afferent feedback can appreciably alter the pharyngeal phase of swallow. In order to measure the stability of the swallow motor pattern during several types of alterations in afferent feedback, we assessed swallow during a conventional water challenge in four anesthetized cats, and compared that to swallows induced by fixed (20 Hz) and stochastic (1-20Hz) electrical stimulation applied to the superior laryngeal nerve. The swallow motor patterns were evaluated by electromyographic activity (EMG) of eight muscles, based on their functional significance: laryngeal elevators (mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and thyrohyoid); laryngeal adductor (thyroarytenoid); inferior pharyngeal constrictor (thyropharyngeus); upper esophageal sphincter (cricopharyngeus); and inspiratory activity (parasternal and costal diaphragm). Both the fixed and stochastic electrical stimulation paradigms increased activity of the laryngeal elevators, produced short-term facilitation evidenced by increasing swallow durations over the stimulus period, and conversely inhibited swallow-related diaphragm activity. Both the fixed and stochastic stimulus conditions also increased specific EMG amplitudes, which never occurred with the water challenges. Stochastic stimulation increased swallow excitability, as measured by an increase in the number of swallows produced. Consistent with our previous results, changes in the swallow motor pattern for pairs of muscles were only sometimes correlated with each other. We conclude that alterations in afferent feedback produced particular variations of the swallow motor pattern. We hypothesize that specific SLN feedback might modulate the swallow central pattern generator during aberrant feeding conditions (food/liquid entering the airway), which may protect the airway and serve as potentially important clinical diagnostic indicators. |
topic |
deglutition schluckatmung diaphragm facilitation electrical stimulation swallow |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00112/full |
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doaj-2cbe4afcbb3d4affa03647ee7a1762f92020-11-25T02:09:59ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Human Neuroscience1662-51612020-04-011410.3389/fnhum.2020.00112511045Swallow Motor Pattern Is Modulated by Fixed or Stochastic Alterations in Afferent FeedbackSuzanne N. King0Suzanne N. King1Tabitha Y. Shen2M. Nicholas Musselwhite3Alyssa Huff4Alyssa Huff5Mitchell D. Reed6Mitchell D. Reed7Ivan Poliacek8Ivan Poliacek9Dena R. Howland10Dena R. Howland11Dena R. Howland12Warren Dixon13Kendall F. Morris14Donald C. Bolser15Kimberly E. Iceman16Kimberly E. Iceman17Teresa Pitts18Teresa Pitts19Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesKentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesDepartment of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesDepartment of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesKentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesKentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesDepartment of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesDepartment of Medical Biophysics, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, SlovakiaKentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesRobley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, KY, United StatesDepartment of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Herbert Wertheim College of Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesDepartment of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United StatesDepartment of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United StatesKentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesKentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesDepartment of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United StatesAfferent feedback can appreciably alter the pharyngeal phase of swallow. In order to measure the stability of the swallow motor pattern during several types of alterations in afferent feedback, we assessed swallow during a conventional water challenge in four anesthetized cats, and compared that to swallows induced by fixed (20 Hz) and stochastic (1-20Hz) electrical stimulation applied to the superior laryngeal nerve. The swallow motor patterns were evaluated by electromyographic activity (EMG) of eight muscles, based on their functional significance: laryngeal elevators (mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and thyrohyoid); laryngeal adductor (thyroarytenoid); inferior pharyngeal constrictor (thyropharyngeus); upper esophageal sphincter (cricopharyngeus); and inspiratory activity (parasternal and costal diaphragm). Both the fixed and stochastic electrical stimulation paradigms increased activity of the laryngeal elevators, produced short-term facilitation evidenced by increasing swallow durations over the stimulus period, and conversely inhibited swallow-related diaphragm activity. Both the fixed and stochastic stimulus conditions also increased specific EMG amplitudes, which never occurred with the water challenges. Stochastic stimulation increased swallow excitability, as measured by an increase in the number of swallows produced. Consistent with our previous results, changes in the swallow motor pattern for pairs of muscles were only sometimes correlated with each other. We conclude that alterations in afferent feedback produced particular variations of the swallow motor pattern. We hypothesize that specific SLN feedback might modulate the swallow central pattern generator during aberrant feeding conditions (food/liquid entering the airway), which may protect the airway and serve as potentially important clinical diagnostic indicators.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnhum.2020.00112/fulldeglutitionschluckatmungdiaphragmfacilitationelectrical stimulationswallow |