Declining Mortality Rate of Hospitalised Patients in the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: Risk Factors and the Age-Specific Patterns
Background: Mortality rate from COVID-19 in Italy is among the world’s highest. We aimed to ascertain whether there was any reduction of in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in the second-wave period (October 2020–January 2021) compared to the first one (February–May 2020); fu...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/9/979 |
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record_format |
Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Antonella D’Arminio Monforte Alessandro Tavelli Francesca Bai Daniele Tomasoni Camilla Falcinella Roberto Castoldi Diletta Barbanotti Giovanni Mulè Marina Allegrini Elisa Suardi Daniele Tesoro Gianmarco Tagliaferri Debora Mondatore Matteo Augello Andrea Cona Tomaso Beringheli Nicole Gemignani Matteo Sala Benedetta Varisco Francesco Molà Sofia Pettenuzzo Lorenzo Biasioli Alessandro Copes Lidia Gazzola Ottavia Viganò Camilla Tincati Anna De Bona Teresa Bini Giulia Marchetti |
spellingShingle |
Antonella D’Arminio Monforte Alessandro Tavelli Francesca Bai Daniele Tomasoni Camilla Falcinella Roberto Castoldi Diletta Barbanotti Giovanni Mulè Marina Allegrini Elisa Suardi Daniele Tesoro Gianmarco Tagliaferri Debora Mondatore Matteo Augello Andrea Cona Tomaso Beringheli Nicole Gemignani Matteo Sala Benedetta Varisco Francesco Molà Sofia Pettenuzzo Lorenzo Biasioli Alessandro Copes Lidia Gazzola Ottavia Viganò Camilla Tincati Anna De Bona Teresa Bini Giulia Marchetti Declining Mortality Rate of Hospitalised Patients in the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: Risk Factors and the Age-Specific Patterns Life COVID-19 hospitalised patients age in-hospital mortality rate first and second wave of epidemics |
author_facet |
Antonella D’Arminio Monforte Alessandro Tavelli Francesca Bai Daniele Tomasoni Camilla Falcinella Roberto Castoldi Diletta Barbanotti Giovanni Mulè Marina Allegrini Elisa Suardi Daniele Tesoro Gianmarco Tagliaferri Debora Mondatore Matteo Augello Andrea Cona Tomaso Beringheli Nicole Gemignani Matteo Sala Benedetta Varisco Francesco Molà Sofia Pettenuzzo Lorenzo Biasioli Alessandro Copes Lidia Gazzola Ottavia Viganò Camilla Tincati Anna De Bona Teresa Bini Giulia Marchetti |
author_sort |
Antonella D’Arminio Monforte |
title |
Declining Mortality Rate of Hospitalised Patients in the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: Risk Factors and the Age-Specific Patterns |
title_short |
Declining Mortality Rate of Hospitalised Patients in the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: Risk Factors and the Age-Specific Patterns |
title_full |
Declining Mortality Rate of Hospitalised Patients in the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: Risk Factors and the Age-Specific Patterns |
title_fullStr |
Declining Mortality Rate of Hospitalised Patients in the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: Risk Factors and the Age-Specific Patterns |
title_full_unstemmed |
Declining Mortality Rate of Hospitalised Patients in the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: Risk Factors and the Age-Specific Patterns |
title_sort |
declining mortality rate of hospitalised patients in the second wave of the covid-19 epidemics in italy: risk factors and the age-specific patterns |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Life |
issn |
2075-1729 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Background: Mortality rate from COVID-19 in Italy is among the world’s highest. We aimed to ascertain whether there was any reduction of in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in the second-wave period (October 2020–January 2021) compared to the first one (February–May 2020); further, we verified whether there were clusters of hospitalised patients who particularly benefitted from reduced mortality rate. Methods: Data collected related to in-patients’ demographics, clinical, laboratory, therapies and outcome. Primary end-point was time to in-hospital death. Factors associated were evaluated by uni- and multivariable analyses. A flow diagram was created to determine the rate of in-hospital death according to individual and disease characteristics. Results: A total of 1561 patients were included. The 14-day cumulative incidence of in-hospital death by competing risk regression was of 24.8% (95% CI: 21.3–28.5) and 15.9% (95% CI: 13.7–18.2) in the first and second wave. We observed that the highest relative reduction of death from first to second wave (more than 47%) occurred mainly in the clusters of patients younger than 70 years. Conclusions: Progress in care and supporting therapies did affect population over 70 years to a lesser extent. Preventive and vaccination campaigns should focus on individuals whose risk of death from COVID-19 remains high. |
topic |
COVID-19 hospitalised patients age in-hospital mortality rate first and second wave of epidemics |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/9/979 |
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doaj-2d20eeb578c84b9ba63a2dcbbe739be22021-09-26T00:34:36ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292021-09-011197997910.3390/life11090979Declining Mortality Rate of Hospitalised Patients in the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Epidemics in Italy: Risk Factors and the Age-Specific PatternsAntonella D’Arminio Monforte0Alessandro Tavelli1Francesca Bai2Daniele Tomasoni3Camilla Falcinella4Roberto Castoldi5Diletta Barbanotti6Giovanni Mulè7Marina Allegrini8Elisa Suardi9Daniele Tesoro10Gianmarco Tagliaferri11Debora Mondatore12Matteo Augello13Andrea Cona14Tomaso Beringheli15Nicole Gemignani16Matteo Sala17Benedetta Varisco18Francesco Molà19Sofia Pettenuzzo20Lorenzo Biasioli21Alessandro Copes22Lidia Gazzola23Ottavia Viganò24Camilla Tincati25Anna De Bona26Teresa Bini27Giulia Marchetti28Institute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyInstitute of Infectious Diseases, Department of Health Science, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, 20142 Milan, ItalyBackground: Mortality rate from COVID-19 in Italy is among the world’s highest. We aimed to ascertain whether there was any reduction of in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalised for COVID-19 in the second-wave period (October 2020–January 2021) compared to the first one (February–May 2020); further, we verified whether there were clusters of hospitalised patients who particularly benefitted from reduced mortality rate. Methods: Data collected related to in-patients’ demographics, clinical, laboratory, therapies and outcome. Primary end-point was time to in-hospital death. Factors associated were evaluated by uni- and multivariable analyses. A flow diagram was created to determine the rate of in-hospital death according to individual and disease characteristics. Results: A total of 1561 patients were included. The 14-day cumulative incidence of in-hospital death by competing risk regression was of 24.8% (95% CI: 21.3–28.5) and 15.9% (95% CI: 13.7–18.2) in the first and second wave. We observed that the highest relative reduction of death from first to second wave (more than 47%) occurred mainly in the clusters of patients younger than 70 years. Conclusions: Progress in care and supporting therapies did affect population over 70 years to a lesser extent. Preventive and vaccination campaigns should focus on individuals whose risk of death from COVID-19 remains high.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/9/979COVID-19hospitalised patientsagein-hospital mortality ratefirst and second wave of epidemics |