Association Between Appetite and Sarcopenia in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study
Background: Sarcopenia is frequently seen in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). While appetite loss and physical inactivity, which are also frequently seen in dementia, appear to contribute to sarcopenia, to date, no study has investigated th...
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doaj-2d743de334bd4701a047e458ba69f9352020-11-24T20:49:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2018-12-01510.3389/fnut.2018.00128413946Association Between Appetite and Sarcopenia in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control StudyAi Kimura0Ai Kimura1Ai Kimura2Taiki Sugimoto3Taiki Sugimoto4Taiki Sugimoto5Taiki Sugimoto6Shumpei Niida7Kenji Toba8Takashi Sakurai9Takashi Sakurai10Center for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanMedical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanDepartment of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, JapanCenter for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanMedical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanDepartment of Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe University, Kobe, JapanJapan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, JapanMedical Genome Center, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanCenter for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanCenter for Comprehensive Care and Research on Memory Disorders, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, JapanDepartment of Cognitive and Behavioral Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, JapanBackground: Sarcopenia is frequently seen in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). While appetite loss and physical inactivity, which are also frequently seen in dementia, appear to contribute to sarcopenia, to date, no study has investigated this association.Objective: The aim of this study was to examine factors associated with sarcopenia, including appetite and physical activity, in patients with MCI and early-stage AD.Methods: The study subjects comprised 205 outpatients (MCI, n = 151; early-stage AD, n = 54) who were being treated at the Memory Clinic, National Center for Geriatrics, and Gerontology and had a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 21 or higher. All subjects were assessed for appetite by using the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ). Confounding variables assessed included physical activity, activities of daily living, mood, body mass index (BMI), nutritional status, and medications. Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass and low handgrip strength or slow gait speed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with adjustment for age, gender, education, and confounding variables to examine the association of sarcopenia with physical activity and appetite. Furthermore, sub-analyses were also conducted to clarify the relationship between CNAQ sub-items and sarcopenia.Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia among the subjects was 14.6% (n = 30). Patients with sarcopenia had lower CNAQ scores (those with sarcopenia, 26.7 ± 3.5; those without, 29.1 ± 2.5). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI (odds ratio [OR], 0.675; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.534–0.853), polypharmacy (OR, 4.489; 95% CI, 1.315–15.320), and CNAQ (OR, 0.774; 95% CI, 0.630–0.952) were shown to be associated with sarcopenia. Physical activity was not associated with sarcopenia. Of the sub-items of the CNAQ, appetite (OR, 0.353; 95% CI, 0.155–0.805), feeling full (OR, 0.320; 95% CI = 0.135–0.761), and food tastes compared to when younger (OR, 0.299; 95% CI, 0.109–0.818) were shown to be associated with sarcopenia.Conclusions: These results suggest that appetite could be a modifiable risk factor for sarcopenia in patients with MCI and early-stage AD. A comprehensive approach to improving appetite may prove effective in preventing sarcopenia.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnut.2018.00128/fullsarcopeniaappetitemild cognitive impairmentearly-stage Alzheimer's diseasesatietygustatory function |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ai Kimura Ai Kimura Ai Kimura Taiki Sugimoto Taiki Sugimoto Taiki Sugimoto Taiki Sugimoto Shumpei Niida Kenji Toba Takashi Sakurai Takashi Sakurai |
spellingShingle |
Ai Kimura Ai Kimura Ai Kimura Taiki Sugimoto Taiki Sugimoto Taiki Sugimoto Taiki Sugimoto Shumpei Niida Kenji Toba Takashi Sakurai Takashi Sakurai Association Between Appetite and Sarcopenia in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study Frontiers in Nutrition sarcopenia appetite mild cognitive impairment early-stage Alzheimer's disease satiety gustatory function |
author_facet |
Ai Kimura Ai Kimura Ai Kimura Taiki Sugimoto Taiki Sugimoto Taiki Sugimoto Taiki Sugimoto Shumpei Niida Kenji Toba Takashi Sakurai Takashi Sakurai |
author_sort |
Ai Kimura |
title |
Association Between Appetite and Sarcopenia in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study |
title_short |
Association Between Appetite and Sarcopenia in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study |
title_full |
Association Between Appetite and Sarcopenia in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study |
title_fullStr |
Association Between Appetite and Sarcopenia in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Association Between Appetite and Sarcopenia in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease: A Case-Control Study |
title_sort |
association between appetite and sarcopenia in patients with mild cognitive impairment and early-stage alzheimer's disease: a case-control study |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Nutrition |
issn |
2296-861X |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
Background: Sarcopenia is frequently seen in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD). While appetite loss and physical inactivity, which are also frequently seen in dementia, appear to contribute to sarcopenia, to date, no study has investigated this association.Objective: The aim of this study was to examine factors associated with sarcopenia, including appetite and physical activity, in patients with MCI and early-stage AD.Methods: The study subjects comprised 205 outpatients (MCI, n = 151; early-stage AD, n = 54) who were being treated at the Memory Clinic, National Center for Geriatrics, and Gerontology and had a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 21 or higher. All subjects were assessed for appetite by using the Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ). Confounding variables assessed included physical activity, activities of daily living, mood, body mass index (BMI), nutritional status, and medications. Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass and low handgrip strength or slow gait speed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed with adjustment for age, gender, education, and confounding variables to examine the association of sarcopenia with physical activity and appetite. Furthermore, sub-analyses were also conducted to clarify the relationship between CNAQ sub-items and sarcopenia.Results: The prevalence of sarcopenia among the subjects was 14.6% (n = 30). Patients with sarcopenia had lower CNAQ scores (those with sarcopenia, 26.7 ± 3.5; those without, 29.1 ± 2.5). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI (odds ratio [OR], 0.675; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.534–0.853), polypharmacy (OR, 4.489; 95% CI, 1.315–15.320), and CNAQ (OR, 0.774; 95% CI, 0.630–0.952) were shown to be associated with sarcopenia. Physical activity was not associated with sarcopenia. Of the sub-items of the CNAQ, appetite (OR, 0.353; 95% CI, 0.155–0.805), feeling full (OR, 0.320; 95% CI = 0.135–0.761), and food tastes compared to when younger (OR, 0.299; 95% CI, 0.109–0.818) were shown to be associated with sarcopenia.Conclusions: These results suggest that appetite could be a modifiable risk factor for sarcopenia in patients with MCI and early-stage AD. A comprehensive approach to improving appetite may prove effective in preventing sarcopenia. |
topic |
sarcopenia appetite mild cognitive impairment early-stage Alzheimer's disease satiety gustatory function |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnut.2018.00128/full |
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