Testing the Applicability of MALDI-TOF MS as an Alternative Stock Identification Method in a Cryptic Species Complex

• Main Authors: Gabor Maasz, Zita Zrínyi, Istvan Fodor, Nóra Boross, Zoltán Vitál, Dóra Ildikó Kánainé Sipos, Balázs Kovács, Szilvia Melegh, Péter Takács
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-07-01
• Series: Molecules
• Subjects: phyloproteomics; MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry; gobio; freshwater fish; classification; taxonomy
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/14/3214

Knowledge of intraspecific variability of a certain species is essential for their long-term survival and for the development of conservation plans. Nowadays, molecular/genetic methods are the most frequently used for this purpose. Although, the Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technique has become a promising alternative tool to specify intraspecific variability, there is a lack of information about the limitations of this method, and some methodological issues need to be resolved. Towards this goal, we tested the sensitivity of this method on an intraspecific level, using genetically identified individuals of a cryptic fish species complex collected from five distinct populations. Additionally, some methodologic issues, such as the effect of 1) delayed sample preparation, 2) clove oil anaesthetization, and 3) different tissue types (muscle, and brain) were investigated using the MS analysis results. Our results show that the delayed sample preparation has a fundamental effect on the result of MS analysis, while at the same time the clove oil did not affect the results considerably. Both the brain and muscle samples were usable for cryptic species identification, but in our opinion this method has limited applicability for population-level segregation. The application of MALDI-TOF MS to the exploitable toolkit of phylogenetic and taxonomic researches could be used to broaden conclusions.