Suppressive activity of volatile fatty acids and aromatic carboxylic acids on the germination of Monochoria vaginalis
Rice bran application is practically used by Japanese organic rice farmers as a common measure in controlling Monochoria vaginalis, a known weed in organic rice production. To elucidate the inhibitory mechanisms of rice bran application on M. vaginalis germination, we focused on volatile fatty acids...
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doaj-2f1fdd62a7874247bd7f46ed9e4fdbfe2021-04-06T13:27:30ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPlant Production Science1343-943X1349-10082021-03-01001710.1080/1343943X.2021.18969531896953Suppressive activity of volatile fatty acids and aromatic carboxylic acids on the germination of Monochoria vaginalisJunko Tazawa0Daisuke Aoki1Hiroshi Hayakawa2Ken-ichi Matsushima3Takuhito Nozoe4Akira Uchino5Shigenori Miura6Central Region Agricultural Research Center (CARC), National Agricultural and Food Research Organization (NARO)VisGene, LtdMuseum of Natural and Environmental HistoryTokyo University of AgricultureHokkaido Region Agricultural Research Center, NAROCARC, NAROCARC, NARORice bran application is practically used by Japanese organic rice farmers as a common measure in controlling Monochoria vaginalis, a known weed in organic rice production. To elucidate the inhibitory mechanisms of rice bran application on M. vaginalis germination, we focused on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and aromatic carboxylic acids (ACAs) as organic acids produced through rice bran decomposition in the soil, which can possibly suppress M. vaginalis germination. Both solo solutions of 1 mM VFAs (propionic or isobutyric acid) and 0.2 mM ACAs (3-phenylpropionic or 4-phenylbutyric acid) exhibited M. vaginalis germination suppression, especially at pH 4.6, the lowest pH tested. In the 0.5–3 mM VFA solutions at pH 4.6, germination was strongly suppressed in the order of isobutyric > propionic > butyric > acetic acid. With the 0.05–0.2 mM ACA solutions at pH 4.6, the germination was strongly suppressed in the order of 3-phenylpropionic > 4-phenylbutyric > 2-phenylpropionic acid. Benzoic acid did not exhibit significant germination suppression. The solutions of 0.5 mM VFAs and 0.05 mM ACAs exhibited no suppression when applied separately; however, the certain mixture of a VFA and an ACA at the aforementioned concentration, for example, 0.5 mM isobutyric acid and 0.05 mM 3-phenylpropionic acid, exhibited significant germination suppression. These results showed the several combinations of VFAs and ACAs at even non-effective concentrations synergistically suppressed M. vaginalis germination. Abbreviations:2PPA: 2-phenylpropionic acid; 3PPA: 3-phenylpropionic acid; 4PBA: 4-phenylbutyric acid; ACA: aromatic carboxylic acid; EC: electrical conductivity; M. vaginalis: Monochoria vaginalis; VFA: volatile fatty acidhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2021.1896953monochoria vaginalisrice branvolatile fatty acidsaromatic carboxylic acidsorganic rice production |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Junko Tazawa Daisuke Aoki Hiroshi Hayakawa Ken-ichi Matsushima Takuhito Nozoe Akira Uchino Shigenori Miura |
spellingShingle |
Junko Tazawa Daisuke Aoki Hiroshi Hayakawa Ken-ichi Matsushima Takuhito Nozoe Akira Uchino Shigenori Miura Suppressive activity of volatile fatty acids and aromatic carboxylic acids on the germination of Monochoria vaginalis Plant Production Science monochoria vaginalis rice bran volatile fatty acids aromatic carboxylic acids organic rice production |
author_facet |
Junko Tazawa Daisuke Aoki Hiroshi Hayakawa Ken-ichi Matsushima Takuhito Nozoe Akira Uchino Shigenori Miura |
author_sort |
Junko Tazawa |
title |
Suppressive activity of volatile fatty acids and aromatic carboxylic acids on the germination of Monochoria vaginalis |
title_short |
Suppressive activity of volatile fatty acids and aromatic carboxylic acids on the germination of Monochoria vaginalis |
title_full |
Suppressive activity of volatile fatty acids and aromatic carboxylic acids on the germination of Monochoria vaginalis |
title_fullStr |
Suppressive activity of volatile fatty acids and aromatic carboxylic acids on the germination of Monochoria vaginalis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Suppressive activity of volatile fatty acids and aromatic carboxylic acids on the germination of Monochoria vaginalis |
title_sort |
suppressive activity of volatile fatty acids and aromatic carboxylic acids on the germination of monochoria vaginalis |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis Group |
series |
Plant Production Science |
issn |
1343-943X 1349-1008 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Rice bran application is practically used by Japanese organic rice farmers as a common measure in controlling Monochoria vaginalis, a known weed in organic rice production. To elucidate the inhibitory mechanisms of rice bran application on M. vaginalis germination, we focused on volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and aromatic carboxylic acids (ACAs) as organic acids produced through rice bran decomposition in the soil, which can possibly suppress M. vaginalis germination. Both solo solutions of 1 mM VFAs (propionic or isobutyric acid) and 0.2 mM ACAs (3-phenylpropionic or 4-phenylbutyric acid) exhibited M. vaginalis germination suppression, especially at pH 4.6, the lowest pH tested. In the 0.5–3 mM VFA solutions at pH 4.6, germination was strongly suppressed in the order of isobutyric > propionic > butyric > acetic acid. With the 0.05–0.2 mM ACA solutions at pH 4.6, the germination was strongly suppressed in the order of 3-phenylpropionic > 4-phenylbutyric > 2-phenylpropionic acid. Benzoic acid did not exhibit significant germination suppression. The solutions of 0.5 mM VFAs and 0.05 mM ACAs exhibited no suppression when applied separately; however, the certain mixture of a VFA and an ACA at the aforementioned concentration, for example, 0.5 mM isobutyric acid and 0.05 mM 3-phenylpropionic acid, exhibited significant germination suppression. These results showed the several combinations of VFAs and ACAs at even non-effective concentrations synergistically suppressed M. vaginalis germination. Abbreviations:2PPA: 2-phenylpropionic acid; 3PPA: 3-phenylpropionic acid; 4PBA: 4-phenylbutyric acid; ACA: aromatic carboxylic acid; EC: electrical conductivity; M. vaginalis: Monochoria vaginalis; VFA: volatile fatty acid |
topic |
monochoria vaginalis rice bran volatile fatty acids aromatic carboxylic acids organic rice production |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1343943X.2021.1896953 |
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