The culturable soil antibiotic resistome: a community of multi-drug resistant bacteria.
Understanding the soil bacterial resistome is essential to understanding the evolution and development of antibiotic resistance, and its spread between species and biomes. We have identified and characterized multi-drug resistance (MDR) mechanisms in the culturable soil antibiotic resistome and link...
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doaj-2f924f27a6a64dc69000776b64e27bc22020-11-25T01:37:55ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-0186e6556710.1371/journal.pone.0065567The culturable soil antibiotic resistome: a community of multi-drug resistant bacteria.Fiona WalshBrion DuffyUnderstanding the soil bacterial resistome is essential to understanding the evolution and development of antibiotic resistance, and its spread between species and biomes. We have identified and characterized multi-drug resistance (MDR) mechanisms in the culturable soil antibiotic resistome and linked the resistance profiles to bacterial species. We isolated 412 antibiotic resistant bacteria from agricultural, urban and pristine soils. All isolates were multi-drug resistant, of which greater than 80% were resistant to 16-23 antibiotics, comprising almost all classes of antibiotic. The mobile resistance genes investigated, (ESBL, bla NDM-1, and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) resistance genes) were not responsible for the respective resistance phenotypes nor were they present in the extracted soil DNA. Efflux was demonstrated to play an important role in MDR and many resistance phenotypes. Clinically relevant Burkholderia species are intrinsically resistant to ciprofloxacin but the soil Burkholderia species were not intrinsically resistant to ciprofloxacin. Using a phenotypic enzyme assay we identified the antibiotic specific inactivation of trimethoprim in 21 bacteria from different soils. The results of this study identified the importance of the efflux mechanism in the soil resistome and variations between the intrinsic resistance profiles of clinical and soil bacteria of the same family.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3680443?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Fiona Walsh Brion Duffy |
spellingShingle |
Fiona Walsh Brion Duffy The culturable soil antibiotic resistome: a community of multi-drug resistant bacteria. PLoS ONE |
author_facet |
Fiona Walsh Brion Duffy |
author_sort |
Fiona Walsh |
title |
The culturable soil antibiotic resistome: a community of multi-drug resistant bacteria. |
title_short |
The culturable soil antibiotic resistome: a community of multi-drug resistant bacteria. |
title_full |
The culturable soil antibiotic resistome: a community of multi-drug resistant bacteria. |
title_fullStr |
The culturable soil antibiotic resistome: a community of multi-drug resistant bacteria. |
title_full_unstemmed |
The culturable soil antibiotic resistome: a community of multi-drug resistant bacteria. |
title_sort |
culturable soil antibiotic resistome: a community of multi-drug resistant bacteria. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS ONE |
issn |
1932-6203 |
publishDate |
2013-01-01 |
description |
Understanding the soil bacterial resistome is essential to understanding the evolution and development of antibiotic resistance, and its spread between species and biomes. We have identified and characterized multi-drug resistance (MDR) mechanisms in the culturable soil antibiotic resistome and linked the resistance profiles to bacterial species. We isolated 412 antibiotic resistant bacteria from agricultural, urban and pristine soils. All isolates were multi-drug resistant, of which greater than 80% were resistant to 16-23 antibiotics, comprising almost all classes of antibiotic. The mobile resistance genes investigated, (ESBL, bla NDM-1, and plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) resistance genes) were not responsible for the respective resistance phenotypes nor were they present in the extracted soil DNA. Efflux was demonstrated to play an important role in MDR and many resistance phenotypes. Clinically relevant Burkholderia species are intrinsically resistant to ciprofloxacin but the soil Burkholderia species were not intrinsically resistant to ciprofloxacin. Using a phenotypic enzyme assay we identified the antibiotic specific inactivation of trimethoprim in 21 bacteria from different soils. The results of this study identified the importance of the efflux mechanism in the soil resistome and variations between the intrinsic resistance profiles of clinical and soil bacteria of the same family. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3680443?pdf=render |
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