Mechanical and Hydric Stress Effects on Maize Root System Development at Different Soil Compaction Levels
Soil mechanical resistance, aeration, and water availability directly affect plant root growth. The objective of this work was to identify the contribution of mechanical and hydric stresses on maize root elongation, by modeling root growth while taking the dynamics of these stresses in an Oxisol int...
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doaj-2fd843b8e2e64ecb92aed321175193b32020-11-25T01:06:35ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2019-10-011010.3389/fpls.2019.01358444165Mechanical and Hydric Stress Effects on Maize Root System Development at Different Soil Compaction LevelsMoacir Tuzzin de Moraes0Henrique Debiasi1Julio Cezar Franchini2João de Andrade Bonetti3Renato Levien4Andrea Schnepf5Daniel Leitner6Department of Agronomic Science, Federal University of Technology-Paraná campus Francisco Beltrão, Francisco Beltrão, BrazilDepartment of Soil and Crop Management, Embrapa Soybean, Londrina, BrazilDepartment of Soil and Crop Management, Embrapa Soybean, Londrina, BrazilDepartment of Agronomy, State University of Maringa, Maringa, BrazilDepartment of Soil Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, BrazilForschungszentrum Juelich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-3: Agrosphere, Juelich, GermanyServices in Computational Science, Simulationswerkstatt, Leonding, AustriaSoil mechanical resistance, aeration, and water availability directly affect plant root growth. The objective of this work was to identify the contribution of mechanical and hydric stresses on maize root elongation, by modeling root growth while taking the dynamics of these stresses in an Oxisol into consideration. The maize crop was cultivated under four compaction levels (soil chiseling, no-tillage system, areas trafficked by a tractor, and trafficked by a harvester), and we present a new model, which allows to distinguish between mechanical and hydric stresses. Root length density profiles, soil bulk density, and soil water retention curves were determined for four compaction levels up to 50 cm in depth. Furthermore, grain yield and shoot biomass of maize were quantified. The new model described the mechanical and hydric stresses during maize growth with field data for the first time in maize crop. Simulations of root length density in 1D and 2D showed adequate agreement with the values measured under field conditions. Simulation makes it possible to identify the interaction between the soil physical conditions and maize root growth. Compared to the no-tillage system, grain yield was reduced due to compaction caused by harvester traffic and by soil chiseling. The root growth was reduced by the occurrence of mechanical and hydric stresses during the crop cycle, the principal stresses were mechanical in origin for areas with agricultural traffic, and water based in areas with soil chiseling. Including mechanical and hydric stresses in root growth models can help to predict future scenarios, and coupling soil biophysical models with weather, soil, and crop responses will help to improve agricultural management.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01358/fullroot growth modelingdrought stresssoil strengthsoil physical limitationZea mays |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Moacir Tuzzin de Moraes Henrique Debiasi Julio Cezar Franchini João de Andrade Bonetti Renato Levien Andrea Schnepf Daniel Leitner |
spellingShingle |
Moacir Tuzzin de Moraes Henrique Debiasi Julio Cezar Franchini João de Andrade Bonetti Renato Levien Andrea Schnepf Daniel Leitner Mechanical and Hydric Stress Effects on Maize Root System Development at Different Soil Compaction Levels Frontiers in Plant Science root growth modeling drought stress soil strength soil physical limitation Zea mays |
author_facet |
Moacir Tuzzin de Moraes Henrique Debiasi Julio Cezar Franchini João de Andrade Bonetti Renato Levien Andrea Schnepf Daniel Leitner |
author_sort |
Moacir Tuzzin de Moraes |
title |
Mechanical and Hydric Stress Effects on Maize Root System Development at Different Soil Compaction Levels |
title_short |
Mechanical and Hydric Stress Effects on Maize Root System Development at Different Soil Compaction Levels |
title_full |
Mechanical and Hydric Stress Effects on Maize Root System Development at Different Soil Compaction Levels |
title_fullStr |
Mechanical and Hydric Stress Effects on Maize Root System Development at Different Soil Compaction Levels |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mechanical and Hydric Stress Effects on Maize Root System Development at Different Soil Compaction Levels |
title_sort |
mechanical and hydric stress effects on maize root system development at different soil compaction levels |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
issn |
1664-462X |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
Soil mechanical resistance, aeration, and water availability directly affect plant root growth. The objective of this work was to identify the contribution of mechanical and hydric stresses on maize root elongation, by modeling root growth while taking the dynamics of these stresses in an Oxisol into consideration. The maize crop was cultivated under four compaction levels (soil chiseling, no-tillage system, areas trafficked by a tractor, and trafficked by a harvester), and we present a new model, which allows to distinguish between mechanical and hydric stresses. Root length density profiles, soil bulk density, and soil water retention curves were determined for four compaction levels up to 50 cm in depth. Furthermore, grain yield and shoot biomass of maize were quantified. The new model described the mechanical and hydric stresses during maize growth with field data for the first time in maize crop. Simulations of root length density in 1D and 2D showed adequate agreement with the values measured under field conditions. Simulation makes it possible to identify the interaction between the soil physical conditions and maize root growth. Compared to the no-tillage system, grain yield was reduced due to compaction caused by harvester traffic and by soil chiseling. The root growth was reduced by the occurrence of mechanical and hydric stresses during the crop cycle, the principal stresses were mechanical in origin for areas with agricultural traffic, and water based in areas with soil chiseling. Including mechanical and hydric stresses in root growth models can help to predict future scenarios, and coupling soil biophysical models with weather, soil, and crop responses will help to improve agricultural management. |
topic |
root growth modeling drought stress soil strength soil physical limitation Zea mays |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01358/full |
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