Diagnosis of Ion-Exchange Resin Depositions in Paraffin Sections Using Corrective Light and Electron Microscopy-NanoSuit Method
Ion-exchange resins are commonly used to treat complications such as hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypercholesterolemia. Gastrointestinal complications may occur as side effects of such treatments. Sodium and calcium polystyrene sulfonate (PS-Ca) are cation-exchange resins comprising an insol...
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doaj-2fdf392e651c482cbdeba3024c9736292021-07-23T13:37:07ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182021-06-01111193119310.3390/diagnostics11071193Diagnosis of Ion-Exchange Resin Depositions in Paraffin Sections Using Corrective Light and Electron Microscopy-NanoSuit MethodMako Ooishi0Satoshi Yamada1Toshiya Itoh2Shiori Meguro3Haruna Yagi4Isao Kosugi5Toshihide Iwashita6Kazuya Shinmura7Kiyoshi Misawa8Takahiko Hariyama9Hideya Kawasaki10Institute for NanoSuit Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Regenerative & Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Regenerative & Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Regenerative & Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Regenerative & Infectious Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanDepartment of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanInstitute for NanoSuit Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanInstitute for NanoSuit Research, Preeminent Medical Photonics Education & Research Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, JapanIon-exchange resins are commonly used to treat complications such as hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypercholesterolemia. Gastrointestinal complications may occur as side effects of such treatments. Sodium and calcium polystyrene sulfonate (PS-Ca) are cation-exchange resins comprising an insoluble structure that binds to potassium ions in the digestive tract and exchanges them with sodium and calcium ions, respectively, to promote their elimination. PS crystals are rhomboid, refractive, and basophilic in hematoxylin and eosin staining. To differentiate PS crystals from other ion-exchange resin crystals such as sevelamer and cholestyramine, periodic acid–Schiff, Ziehl–Neelsen, and Congo red staining are usually performed. Here, correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM)-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and the NanoSuit method (CENM) was applied to perform a definitive identification of ion-exchange resins. CENM could detect sulfur in PS crystals without destroying the glass slides. Notably, PS retained its ion-exchange ability to bind potassium in paraffin sections. Differential diagnosis of anion-exchange resins, such as sevelamer and cholestyramine, was possible using these characteristics. The phosphorus:carbon ratio was higher in sevelamer than in cholestyramine after soaking paraffin sections in a phosphate solution. Therefore, CENM may be used for the differential pathological diagnosis of ion-exchange resins in paraffin sections.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/7/1193ion-exchange resinNanoSuitcorrective light and electron microscopyenergy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mako Ooishi Satoshi Yamada Toshiya Itoh Shiori Meguro Haruna Yagi Isao Kosugi Toshihide Iwashita Kazuya Shinmura Kiyoshi Misawa Takahiko Hariyama Hideya Kawasaki |
spellingShingle |
Mako Ooishi Satoshi Yamada Toshiya Itoh Shiori Meguro Haruna Yagi Isao Kosugi Toshihide Iwashita Kazuya Shinmura Kiyoshi Misawa Takahiko Hariyama Hideya Kawasaki Diagnosis of Ion-Exchange Resin Depositions in Paraffin Sections Using Corrective Light and Electron Microscopy-NanoSuit Method Diagnostics ion-exchange resin NanoSuit corrective light and electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy |
author_facet |
Mako Ooishi Satoshi Yamada Toshiya Itoh Shiori Meguro Haruna Yagi Isao Kosugi Toshihide Iwashita Kazuya Shinmura Kiyoshi Misawa Takahiko Hariyama Hideya Kawasaki |
author_sort |
Mako Ooishi |
title |
Diagnosis of Ion-Exchange Resin Depositions in Paraffin Sections Using Corrective Light and Electron Microscopy-NanoSuit Method |
title_short |
Diagnosis of Ion-Exchange Resin Depositions in Paraffin Sections Using Corrective Light and Electron Microscopy-NanoSuit Method |
title_full |
Diagnosis of Ion-Exchange Resin Depositions in Paraffin Sections Using Corrective Light and Electron Microscopy-NanoSuit Method |
title_fullStr |
Diagnosis of Ion-Exchange Resin Depositions in Paraffin Sections Using Corrective Light and Electron Microscopy-NanoSuit Method |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diagnosis of Ion-Exchange Resin Depositions in Paraffin Sections Using Corrective Light and Electron Microscopy-NanoSuit Method |
title_sort |
diagnosis of ion-exchange resin depositions in paraffin sections using corrective light and electron microscopy-nanosuit method |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Diagnostics |
issn |
2075-4418 |
publishDate |
2021-06-01 |
description |
Ion-exchange resins are commonly used to treat complications such as hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypercholesterolemia. Gastrointestinal complications may occur as side effects of such treatments. Sodium and calcium polystyrene sulfonate (PS-Ca) are cation-exchange resins comprising an insoluble structure that binds to potassium ions in the digestive tract and exchanges them with sodium and calcium ions, respectively, to promote their elimination. PS crystals are rhomboid, refractive, and basophilic in hematoxylin and eosin staining. To differentiate PS crystals from other ion-exchange resin crystals such as sevelamer and cholestyramine, periodic acid–Schiff, Ziehl–Neelsen, and Congo red staining are usually performed. Here, correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM)-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and the NanoSuit method (CENM) was applied to perform a definitive identification of ion-exchange resins. CENM could detect sulfur in PS crystals without destroying the glass slides. Notably, PS retained its ion-exchange ability to bind potassium in paraffin sections. Differential diagnosis of anion-exchange resins, such as sevelamer and cholestyramine, was possible using these characteristics. The phosphorus:carbon ratio was higher in sevelamer than in cholestyramine after soaking paraffin sections in a phosphate solution. Therefore, CENM may be used for the differential pathological diagnosis of ion-exchange resins in paraffin sections. |
topic |
ion-exchange resin NanoSuit corrective light and electron microscopy energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/7/1193 |
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