Natural nasal–esophageal fiberscopy in the COVID-19 pandemic—preventing sneezing without anesthesia: a case report
Abstract Background We are laryngologists. We observe natural phonatory and swallowing functions in clinical examinations with a trans-nasal laryngeal fiberscope (TNLF). Before each observation, we use epinephrine to enlarge and smooth the common nasal meatus (bottom of nostril) and then insert a we...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2021-06-01
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| Series: | European Journal of Medical Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-021-00523-9 |