Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Humans and Retail Red Meat
The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant and virulent enterococci is a major public health concern. While enterococci are commonly found in food of animal origin, the knowledge on their zoonotic potential is limited. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the antimicrobial susceptibility...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Hindawi Limited
2019-01-01
|
Series: | BioMed Research International |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2815279 |
id |
doaj-308dccd801be41d4bbf7e9ae5302cb57 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-308dccd801be41d4bbf7e9ae5302cb572020-11-25T01:30:20ZengHindawi LimitedBioMed Research International2314-61332314-61412019-01-01201910.1155/2019/28152792815279Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Humans and Retail Red MeatMajda Golob0Mateja Pate1Darja Kušar2Urška Dermota3Jana Avberšek4Bojan Papić5Irena Zdovc6Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaNational Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Gosposvetska ulica 12, SI-4000 Kranj, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaInstitute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaThe emergence of antimicrobial-resistant and virulent enterococci is a major public health concern. While enterococci are commonly found in food of animal origin, the knowledge on their zoonotic potential is limited. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence traits of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from human clinical specimens and retail red meat in Slovenia. A total of 242 isolates were investigated: 101 from humans (71 E. faecalis, 30 E. faecium) and 141 from fresh beef and pork (120 E. faecalis, 21 E. faecium). The susceptibility to 12 antimicrobials was tested using a broth microdilution method, and the presence of seven common virulence genes was investigated using PCR. In both species, the distribution of several resistance phenotypes and virulence genes was disparate for isolates of different origin. All isolates were susceptible to daptomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, and vancomycin. In both species, the susceptibility to antimicrobials was strongly associated with a food origin and the multidrug resistance, observed in 29.6% of E. faecalis and 73.3% E. faecium clinical isolates, with a clinical origin (Fisher’s exact test). Among meat isolates, in total 66.0% of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested and 32.6% were resistant to either one or two antimicrobials. In E. faecalis, several virulence genes were significantly associated with a clinical origin; the most common (31.0%) gene pattern included all the tested genes except hyl. In meat isolates, the virulence genes were detected in E. faecalis only and the most common pattern included ace, efaA, and gelE (32.5%), of which gelE showed a statistically significant association with a clinical origin. These results emphasize the importance of E. faecalis in red meat as a reservoir of virulence genes involved in its persistence and human infections with reported severe outcomes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2815279 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Majda Golob Mateja Pate Darja Kušar Urška Dermota Jana Avberšek Bojan Papić Irena Zdovc |
spellingShingle |
Majda Golob Mateja Pate Darja Kušar Urška Dermota Jana Avberšek Bojan Papić Irena Zdovc Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Humans and Retail Red Meat BioMed Research International |
author_facet |
Majda Golob Mateja Pate Darja Kušar Urška Dermota Jana Avberšek Bojan Papić Irena Zdovc |
author_sort |
Majda Golob |
title |
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Humans and Retail Red Meat |
title_short |
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Humans and Retail Red Meat |
title_full |
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Humans and Retail Red Meat |
title_fullStr |
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Humans and Retail Red Meat |
title_full_unstemmed |
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis from Humans and Retail Red Meat |
title_sort |
antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in enterococcus faecium and enterococcus faecalis from humans and retail red meat |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
BioMed Research International |
issn |
2314-6133 2314-6141 |
publishDate |
2019-01-01 |
description |
The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant and virulent enterococci is a major public health concern. While enterococci are commonly found in food of animal origin, the knowledge on their zoonotic potential is limited. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence traits of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from human clinical specimens and retail red meat in Slovenia. A total of 242 isolates were investigated: 101 from humans (71 E. faecalis, 30 E. faecium) and 141 from fresh beef and pork (120 E. faecalis, 21 E. faecium). The susceptibility to 12 antimicrobials was tested using a broth microdilution method, and the presence of seven common virulence genes was investigated using PCR. In both species, the distribution of several resistance phenotypes and virulence genes was disparate for isolates of different origin. All isolates were susceptible to daptomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin, and vancomycin. In both species, the susceptibility to antimicrobials was strongly associated with a food origin and the multidrug resistance, observed in 29.6% of E. faecalis and 73.3% E. faecium clinical isolates, with a clinical origin (Fisher’s exact test). Among meat isolates, in total 66.0% of E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates were susceptible to all antimicrobials tested and 32.6% were resistant to either one or two antimicrobials. In E. faecalis, several virulence genes were significantly associated with a clinical origin; the most common (31.0%) gene pattern included all the tested genes except hyl. In meat isolates, the virulence genes were detected in E. faecalis only and the most common pattern included ace, efaA, and gelE (32.5%), of which gelE showed a statistically significant association with a clinical origin. These results emphasize the importance of E. faecalis in red meat as a reservoir of virulence genes involved in its persistence and human infections with reported severe outcomes. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2815279 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT majdagolob antimicrobialresistanceandvirulencegenesinenterococcusfaeciumandenterococcusfaecalisfromhumansandretailredmeat AT matejapate antimicrobialresistanceandvirulencegenesinenterococcusfaeciumandenterococcusfaecalisfromhumansandretailredmeat AT darjakusar antimicrobialresistanceandvirulencegenesinenterococcusfaeciumandenterococcusfaecalisfromhumansandretailredmeat AT urskadermota antimicrobialresistanceandvirulencegenesinenterococcusfaeciumandenterococcusfaecalisfromhumansandretailredmeat AT janaavbersek antimicrobialresistanceandvirulencegenesinenterococcusfaeciumandenterococcusfaecalisfromhumansandretailredmeat AT bojanpapic antimicrobialresistanceandvirulencegenesinenterococcusfaeciumandenterococcusfaecalisfromhumansandretailredmeat AT irenazdovc antimicrobialresistanceandvirulencegenesinenterococcusfaeciumandenterococcusfaecalisfromhumansandretailredmeat |
_version_ |
1725092078540554240 |