Reticulated Platelets—Which Functions Have Been Established by In Vivo and In Vitro Data?

Reticulated Platelets—Which Functions Have Been Established by In Vivo and In Vitro Data?

Reticulated platelets (RP) are the youngest platelet fraction released into the circulation. These immature platelets have increased RNA content, a larger cell volume, more dense granules, higher levels of surface activation markers and are thought to be more reactive compared to their mature counte...

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Main Authors: Muataz Ali Hamad, Nancy Schanze, Nicolas Schommer, Thomas Nührenberg, Daniel Duerschmied
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-05-01
Series:Cells
Subjects:
reticulated platelets
immature platelets
immature platelet fraction
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/5/1172
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spelling doaj-30a7b7e09bd440e3ae0878d14ee229362021-05-31T23:45:23ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-05-01101172117210.3390/cells10051172Reticulated Platelets—Which Functions Have Been Established by In Vivo and In Vitro Data?Muataz Ali Hamad0Nancy Schanze1Nicolas Schommer2Thomas Nührenberg3Daniel Duerschmied4Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanyDepartment of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanyDepartment of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanyDepartment of Cardiology and Angiology II, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79189 Bad Krozingen, GermanyDepartment of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, GermanyReticulated platelets (RP) are the youngest platelet fraction released into the circulation. These immature platelets have increased RNA content, a larger cell volume, more dense granules, higher levels of surface activation markers and are thought to be more reactive compared to their mature counterparts. RP have been associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes and increased mortality. Yet only a few animal studies investigating RP have been conducted so far and further investigations are warranted. Established methods to count RP are flow cytometry (staining with thiazole orange or SYTO13) or fully automated hematology analyzers (immature platelet fraction, IPF). IPF has been established as a diagnostic parameter in thrombocytopenia, cardiovascular disease and, in particular, the response to antiplatelet therapy. This review seeks to provide an overview of the key features of RP as well as preanalytical and analytical aspects that need to be considered when working with this platelet population.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/5/1172reticulated plateletsimmature plateletsimmature platelet fraction
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Muataz Ali Hamad
Nancy Schanze
Nicolas Schommer
Thomas Nührenberg
Daniel Duerschmied
spellingShingle Muataz Ali Hamad
Nancy Schanze
Nicolas Schommer
Thomas Nührenberg
Daniel Duerschmied
Reticulated Platelets—Which Functions Have Been Established by In Vivo and In Vitro Data?
Cells
reticulated platelets
immature platelets
immature platelet fraction
author_facet Muataz Ali Hamad
Nancy Schanze
Nicolas Schommer
Thomas Nührenberg
Daniel Duerschmied
author_sort Muataz Ali Hamad
title Reticulated Platelets—Which Functions Have Been Established by In Vivo and In Vitro Data?
title_short Reticulated Platelets—Which Functions Have Been Established by In Vivo and In Vitro Data?
title_full Reticulated Platelets—Which Functions Have Been Established by In Vivo and In Vitro Data?
title_fullStr Reticulated Platelets—Which Functions Have Been Established by In Vivo and In Vitro Data?
title_full_unstemmed Reticulated Platelets—Which Functions Have Been Established by In Vivo and In Vitro Data?
title_sort reticulated platelets—which functions have been established by in vivo and in vitro data?
publisher MDPI AG
series Cells
issn 2073-4409
publishDate 2021-05-01
description Reticulated platelets (RP) are the youngest platelet fraction released into the circulation. These immature platelets have increased RNA content, a larger cell volume, more dense granules, higher levels of surface activation markers and are thought to be more reactive compared to their mature counterparts. RP have been associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes and increased mortality. Yet only a few animal studies investigating RP have been conducted so far and further investigations are warranted. Established methods to count RP are flow cytometry (staining with thiazole orange or SYTO13) or fully automated hematology analyzers (immature platelet fraction, IPF). IPF has been established as a diagnostic parameter in thrombocytopenia, cardiovascular disease and, in particular, the response to antiplatelet therapy. This review seeks to provide an overview of the key features of RP as well as preanalytical and analytical aspects that need to be considered when working with this platelet population.
topic reticulated platelets
immature platelets
immature platelet fraction
url https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/5/1172
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AT nancyschanze reticulatedplateletswhichfunctionshavebeenestablishedbyinvivoandinvitrodata
AT nicolasschommer reticulatedplateletswhichfunctionshavebeenestablishedbyinvivoandinvitrodata
AT thomasnuhrenberg reticulatedplateletswhichfunctionshavebeenestablishedbyinvivoandinvitrodata
AT danielduerschmied reticulatedplateletswhichfunctionshavebeenestablishedbyinvivoandinvitrodata
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