Seasonal Hypometabolism in Female Moose
How animals respond to a changing environment is a key question in ecological research. Animals living at higher latitudes are exposed to pronounced seasonal differences in both climate and in resource availability. Endotherms living in those environments have the ability to maintain a constant high...
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doaj-326f97b3e4be472db7a3feb121e2c7e32020-11-25T02:38:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2020-05-01810.3389/fevo.2020.00107507583Seasonal Hypometabolism in Female MooseAnne Randi Græsli0Alexandra Thiel1Boris Fuchs2Navinder J. Singh3Fredrik Stenbacka4Göran Ericsson5Wiebke Neumann6Jon M. Arnemo7Jon M. Arnemo8Alina L. Evans9Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, NorwayDepartment of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, NorwayDepartment of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, NorwayDepartment of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SwedenDepartment of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SwedenDepartment of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SwedenDepartment of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SwedenDepartment of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, NorwayDepartment of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SwedenDepartment of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Applied Ecology and Agricultural Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Koppang, NorwayHow animals respond to a changing environment is a key question in ecological research. Animals living at higher latitudes are exposed to pronounced seasonal differences in both climate and in resource availability. Endotherms living in those environments have the ability to maintain a constant high body temperature (Tb), over a wide range of ambient temperatures (Ta). Nonetheless, many endotherms display seasonal shifts in metabolic rate (MR). Here, we studied the annual and circadian cycle of Tb and heart rate (HR) in female moose (Alces alces) in relation to activity and Ta. HR also can be used as a proxy of MR to calculate energy budgets. We deployed biologgers to 12 free-ranging female moose; a temperature sensor in the rumen, a HR logger subcutaneously, and a GPS collar equipped with acceleration and Ta sensors. We documented seasonal differences in Tb, HR and activity of moose, with lower levels during winter and higher values during summer. The highest daily mean Tb and HR were 38.64°C (10 July) and 71.9 beats per minute (bpm; 26 June), whereas the lowest daily mean Tb and HR were 38.03°C (17 March) and 40.5 bpm (6 March). High-resolution Tb and activity data allowed us to detect circadian and ultradian rhythmicity throughout the year. Based on previous calibration studies, MR decreased by 60% from the highest to the lowest point. Our results demonstrate hypometabolism including lower Tb and HR during winter as a strategy to reduce energy expenditure during periods with colder climate and limited availability of resources.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2020.00107/fullactivityAlces alcesbody temperatureglobal positioning systemheart ratemetabolic rate |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Anne Randi Græsli Alexandra Thiel Boris Fuchs Navinder J. Singh Fredrik Stenbacka Göran Ericsson Wiebke Neumann Jon M. Arnemo Jon M. Arnemo Alina L. Evans |
spellingShingle |
Anne Randi Græsli Alexandra Thiel Boris Fuchs Navinder J. Singh Fredrik Stenbacka Göran Ericsson Wiebke Neumann Jon M. Arnemo Jon M. Arnemo Alina L. Evans Seasonal Hypometabolism in Female Moose Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution activity Alces alces body temperature global positioning system heart rate metabolic rate |
author_facet |
Anne Randi Græsli Alexandra Thiel Boris Fuchs Navinder J. Singh Fredrik Stenbacka Göran Ericsson Wiebke Neumann Jon M. Arnemo Jon M. Arnemo Alina L. Evans |
author_sort |
Anne Randi Græsli |
title |
Seasonal Hypometabolism in Female Moose |
title_short |
Seasonal Hypometabolism in Female Moose |
title_full |
Seasonal Hypometabolism in Female Moose |
title_fullStr |
Seasonal Hypometabolism in Female Moose |
title_full_unstemmed |
Seasonal Hypometabolism in Female Moose |
title_sort |
seasonal hypometabolism in female moose |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
issn |
2296-701X |
publishDate |
2020-05-01 |
description |
How animals respond to a changing environment is a key question in ecological research. Animals living at higher latitudes are exposed to pronounced seasonal differences in both climate and in resource availability. Endotherms living in those environments have the ability to maintain a constant high body temperature (Tb), over a wide range of ambient temperatures (Ta). Nonetheless, many endotherms display seasonal shifts in metabolic rate (MR). Here, we studied the annual and circadian cycle of Tb and heart rate (HR) in female moose (Alces alces) in relation to activity and Ta. HR also can be used as a proxy of MR to calculate energy budgets. We deployed biologgers to 12 free-ranging female moose; a temperature sensor in the rumen, a HR logger subcutaneously, and a GPS collar equipped with acceleration and Ta sensors. We documented seasonal differences in Tb, HR and activity of moose, with lower levels during winter and higher values during summer. The highest daily mean Tb and HR were 38.64°C (10 July) and 71.9 beats per minute (bpm; 26 June), whereas the lowest daily mean Tb and HR were 38.03°C (17 March) and 40.5 bpm (6 March). High-resolution Tb and activity data allowed us to detect circadian and ultradian rhythmicity throughout the year. Based on previous calibration studies, MR decreased by 60% from the highest to the lowest point. Our results demonstrate hypometabolism including lower Tb and HR during winter as a strategy to reduce energy expenditure during periods with colder climate and limited availability of resources. |
topic |
activity Alces alces body temperature global positioning system heart rate metabolic rate |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2020.00107/full |
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