Pre-Harvest Modelling and Mitigation of Aflatoxins in Maize in a Changing Climatic Environment—A Review
Aflatoxins (AFs) are harmful secondary metabolites produced by various moulds, among which <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> is the major AF-producer fungus. These mycotoxins have carcinogenic or acute toxigenic effects on both humans and food producing animals and, therefore, the health risks a...
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doaj-3360b05bc4de4734b0b307cda8f7d4782020-12-05T00:04:29ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512020-12-011276876810.3390/toxins12120768Pre-Harvest Modelling and Mitigation of Aflatoxins in Maize in a Changing Climatic Environment—A ReviewTamás Dövényi-Nagy0Csaba Rácz1Krisztina Molnár2Károly Bakó3Zsombor Szláma4Ákos Jóźwiak5Zsuzsa Farkas6István Pócsi7Attila Csaba Dobos8Agrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, HungaryAgrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, HungaryAgrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, HungaryAgrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, HungaryAgrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, HungaryDigital Food Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H1078 Budapest, HungaryDigital Food Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H1078 Budapest, HungaryDepartment of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, HungaryAgrometeorological and Agroecological Monitoring Centre, AKIT-DTTI, University of Debrecen, H4032 Debrecen, HungaryAflatoxins (AFs) are harmful secondary metabolites produced by various moulds, among which <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> is the major AF-producer fungus. These mycotoxins have carcinogenic or acute toxigenic effects on both humans and food producing animals and, therefore, the health risks and also the potential economic damages mounted by them have led to legal restrictions, and several countries have set maximum allowable limits for AF contaminations in food and feed. While colonization of food and feed and AF production by <i>A. flavus</i> are highly supported by the climatic conditions in tropical and subtropical geographic regions, countries in the temperate climate zones are also increasingly exposed to AF-derived health risks due to climate change. In the present study, we have reviewed the available mathematical models as risk assessment tools to predict the possibility of <i>A. flavus</i> infection and levels of AF contaminations in maize in a changing climatic environment. After highlighting the benefits and possible future improvements of these models, we summarize the current agricultural practices used to prevent or, at least, mitigate the deleterious consequences of AF contaminationshttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/12/768aflatoxin contaminationmaizeclimate changefield modellingagro-technical measurestemperate climatic zone |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Tamás Dövényi-Nagy Csaba Rácz Krisztina Molnár Károly Bakó Zsombor Szláma Ákos Jóźwiak Zsuzsa Farkas István Pócsi Attila Csaba Dobos |
spellingShingle |
Tamás Dövényi-Nagy Csaba Rácz Krisztina Molnár Károly Bakó Zsombor Szláma Ákos Jóźwiak Zsuzsa Farkas István Pócsi Attila Csaba Dobos Pre-Harvest Modelling and Mitigation of Aflatoxins in Maize in a Changing Climatic Environment—A Review Toxins aflatoxin contamination maize climate change field modelling agro-technical measures temperate climatic zone |
author_facet |
Tamás Dövényi-Nagy Csaba Rácz Krisztina Molnár Károly Bakó Zsombor Szláma Ákos Jóźwiak Zsuzsa Farkas István Pócsi Attila Csaba Dobos |
author_sort |
Tamás Dövényi-Nagy |
title |
Pre-Harvest Modelling and Mitigation of Aflatoxins in Maize in a Changing Climatic Environment—A Review |
title_short |
Pre-Harvest Modelling and Mitigation of Aflatoxins in Maize in a Changing Climatic Environment—A Review |
title_full |
Pre-Harvest Modelling and Mitigation of Aflatoxins in Maize in a Changing Climatic Environment—A Review |
title_fullStr |
Pre-Harvest Modelling and Mitigation of Aflatoxins in Maize in a Changing Climatic Environment—A Review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pre-Harvest Modelling and Mitigation of Aflatoxins in Maize in a Changing Climatic Environment—A Review |
title_sort |
pre-harvest modelling and mitigation of aflatoxins in maize in a changing climatic environment—a review |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Toxins |
issn |
2072-6651 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
Aflatoxins (AFs) are harmful secondary metabolites produced by various moulds, among which <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> is the major AF-producer fungus. These mycotoxins have carcinogenic or acute toxigenic effects on both humans and food producing animals and, therefore, the health risks and also the potential economic damages mounted by them have led to legal restrictions, and several countries have set maximum allowable limits for AF contaminations in food and feed. While colonization of food and feed and AF production by <i>A. flavus</i> are highly supported by the climatic conditions in tropical and subtropical geographic regions, countries in the temperate climate zones are also increasingly exposed to AF-derived health risks due to climate change. In the present study, we have reviewed the available mathematical models as risk assessment tools to predict the possibility of <i>A. flavus</i> infection and levels of AF contaminations in maize in a changing climatic environment. After highlighting the benefits and possible future improvements of these models, we summarize the current agricultural practices used to prevent or, at least, mitigate the deleterious consequences of AF contaminations |
topic |
aflatoxin contamination maize climate change field modelling agro-technical measures temperate climatic zone |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/12/12/768 |
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