Machine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic review
Abstract Background An increase in lifespan in our society is a double-edged sword that entails a growing number of patients with neurocognitive disorders, Alzheimer’s disease being the most prevalent. Advances in medical imaging and computational power enable new methods for the early detection of...
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doaj-3379e01c6ea14b89ae42830ac3b209c22021-10-03T11:54:46ZengBMCAlzheimer’s Research & Therapy1758-91932021-09-0113112910.1186/s13195-021-00900-wMachine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic reviewSergio Grueso0Raquel Viejo-Sobera1Cognitive NeuroLab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC)Cognitive NeuroLab, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC)Abstract Background An increase in lifespan in our society is a double-edged sword that entails a growing number of patients with neurocognitive disorders, Alzheimer’s disease being the most prevalent. Advances in medical imaging and computational power enable new methods for the early detection of neurocognitive disorders with the goal of preventing or reducing cognitive decline. Computer-aided image analysis and early detection of changes in cognition is a promising approach for patients with mild cognitive impairment, sometimes a prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease dementia. Methods We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines of studies where machine learning was applied to neuroimaging data in order to predict whether patients with mild cognitive impairment might develop Alzheimer’s disease dementia or remain stable. After removing duplicates, we screened 452 studies and selected 116 for qualitative analysis. Results Most studies used magnetic resonance image (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) data but also magnetoencephalography. The datasets were mainly extracted from the Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) database with some exceptions. Regarding the algorithms used, the most common was support vector machine with a mean accuracy of 75.4%, but convolutional neural networks achieved a higher mean accuracy of 78.5%. Studies combining MRI and PET achieved overall better classification accuracy than studies that only used one neuroimaging technique. In general, the more complex models such as those based on deep learning, combined with multimodal and multidimensional data (neuroimaging, clinical, cognitive, genetic, and behavioral) achieved the best performance. Conclusions Although the performance of the different methods still has room for improvement, the results are promising and this methodology has a great potential as a support tool for clinicians and healthcare professionals.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00900-wAlzheimer’s diseaseConversionMachine learningMagnetic resonanceMild cognitive impairmentPRISMA |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Sergio Grueso Raquel Viejo-Sobera |
spellingShingle |
Sergio Grueso Raquel Viejo-Sobera Machine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic review Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy Alzheimer’s disease Conversion Machine learning Magnetic resonance Mild cognitive impairment PRISMA |
author_facet |
Sergio Grueso Raquel Viejo-Sobera |
author_sort |
Sergio Grueso |
title |
Machine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic review |
title_short |
Machine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic review |
title_full |
Machine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic review |
title_fullStr |
Machine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic review |
title_full_unstemmed |
Machine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic review |
title_sort |
machine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic review |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy |
issn |
1758-9193 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Abstract Background An increase in lifespan in our society is a double-edged sword that entails a growing number of patients with neurocognitive disorders, Alzheimer’s disease being the most prevalent. Advances in medical imaging and computational power enable new methods for the early detection of neurocognitive disorders with the goal of preventing or reducing cognitive decline. Computer-aided image analysis and early detection of changes in cognition is a promising approach for patients with mild cognitive impairment, sometimes a prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease dementia. Methods We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines of studies where machine learning was applied to neuroimaging data in order to predict whether patients with mild cognitive impairment might develop Alzheimer’s disease dementia or remain stable. After removing duplicates, we screened 452 studies and selected 116 for qualitative analysis. Results Most studies used magnetic resonance image (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) data but also magnetoencephalography. The datasets were mainly extracted from the Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) database with some exceptions. Regarding the algorithms used, the most common was support vector machine with a mean accuracy of 75.4%, but convolutional neural networks achieved a higher mean accuracy of 78.5%. Studies combining MRI and PET achieved overall better classification accuracy than studies that only used one neuroimaging technique. In general, the more complex models such as those based on deep learning, combined with multimodal and multidimensional data (neuroimaging, clinical, cognitive, genetic, and behavioral) achieved the best performance. Conclusions Although the performance of the different methods still has room for improvement, the results are promising and this methodology has a great potential as a support tool for clinicians and healthcare professionals. |
topic |
Alzheimer’s disease Conversion Machine learning Magnetic resonance Mild cognitive impairment PRISMA |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13195-021-00900-w |
work_keys_str_mv |
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