Analysis of urinary stone composition in Eastern India by X-ray diffraction crystallography

• Main Authors: Tarun Jindal, Soumendra Nath Mandal, Pankaj Sonar, Mir Reza Kamal, Nabankur Ghosh, Dilip Karmakar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2014-01-01
• Series: Advanced Biomedical Research
• Subjects: India; renal stones; stones; stone analysis
• Online Access: http://www.advbiores.net/article.asp?issn=2277-9175;year=2014;volume=3;issue=1;spage=203;epage=203;aulast=Jindal

Background: Stones in the urinary system are common in our country. This study was done to assess the composition of the urinary stones in eastern part of India. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was done over a period of thirty months. A total of 90 stones were analyzed in this time period by using X-ray diffraction crystallography. Results: Of the 90 stones analyzed, 77 were renal stones, 12 were ureteric stones and one was a bladder stone. Six stones (all renal) did not have properties to be represented by X-ray diffraction crystallography. The overall prevalence of the oxalate containing stones was 85.7% with calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) being the major constituent. Calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD) was the next most common constituent. Struvite stones constituted 9.5% of the stones analyzed. Pure calcium phosphate stones were found in 4.7% of the cases. Conclusion: Our study reveals that the stone composition in the eastern part of India is different from that in other parts of the country. We have a comparatively lower prevalence of oxalate stones while a higher prevalence of phosphate and struvite stones.