Endogenous Retroviral Insertions Indicate a Secondary Introduction of Domestic Sheep Lineages to the Caucasus and Central Asia between the Bronze and Iron Age

Sheep were one of the first livestock species domesticated by humans. After initial domestication in the Middle East they were spread across Eurasia. The modern distribution of endogenous Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus insertions in domestic sheep breeds suggests that over the course of millennia, succ...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors:	Oskar Schroeder, Norbert Benecke, Kai Frölich, Zuogang Peng, Kai Kaniuth, Leonid Sverchkov, Sabine Reinhold, Andrey Belinskiy, Arne Ludwig
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Published:	MDPI AG 2017-06-01
Series:	Genes
Subjects:	archaeozoology ancient DNA endogenous retrovirus mitochondrial haplotype retrotype
Online Access:	http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/8/6/165

id	doaj-341fdc12dda7441fafbae4229773579e
record_format	Article
spelling	doaj-341fdc12dda7441fafbae4229773579e2020-11-24T23:02:57ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252017-06-018616510.3390/genes8060165genes8060165Endogenous Retroviral Insertions Indicate a Secondary Introduction of Domestic Sheep Lineages to the Caucasus and Central Asia between the Bronze and Iron AgeOskar Schroeder0Norbert Benecke1Kai Frölich2Zuogang Peng3Kai Kaniuth4Leonid Sverchkov5Sabine Reinhold6Andrey Belinskiy7Arne Ludwig8Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315 Berlin, GermanyGerman Archaeological Institute, Im Dol 2-6, 14195 Berlin, GermanyTierpark Arche Warder e.V., Langwedeler Weg 11, 24646 Warder, GermanySouthwest University School of Life Sciences, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Chongqing 400715, ChinaInstitut für Vorderasiatische Archäologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, GermanyInstitute of Fine Arts, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Afrosiab Street 5/19, Tashkent 100029, UzbekistanGerman Archaeological Institute, Im Dol 2-6, 14195 Berlin, GermanyNasledie Ltd., Prospekt Karla Marksa 56, 355017 Stavropol, RussiaLeibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Alfred-Kowalke-Straße 17, 10315 Berlin, GermanySheep were one of the first livestock species domesticated by humans. After initial domestication in the Middle East they were spread across Eurasia. The modern distribution of endogenous Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus insertions in domestic sheep breeds suggests that over the course of millennia, successive introductions of improved lineages and selection for wool quality occurred in the Mediterranean region and most of Asia. Here we present a novel ancient DNA approach using data of endogenous retroviral insertions in Bronze and Iron Age domestic sheep from the Caucasus and Pamir mountain areas. Our findings support a secondary introduction of wool sheep from the Middle East between the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age into most areas of Eurasia.http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/8/6/165archaeozoologyancient DNAendogenous retrovirusmitochondrial haplotyperetrotype
collection	DOAJ
language	English
format	Article
sources	DOAJ
author	Oskar Schroeder Norbert Benecke Kai Frölich Zuogang Peng Kai Kaniuth Leonid Sverchkov Sabine Reinhold Andrey Belinskiy Arne Ludwig
spellingShingle	Oskar Schroeder Norbert Benecke Kai Frölich Zuogang Peng Kai Kaniuth Leonid Sverchkov Sabine Reinhold Andrey Belinskiy Arne Ludwig Endogenous Retroviral Insertions Indicate a Secondary Introduction of Domestic Sheep Lineages to the Caucasus and Central Asia between the Bronze and Iron Age Genes archaeozoology ancient DNA endogenous retrovirus mitochondrial haplotype retrotype
author_facet	Oskar Schroeder Norbert Benecke Kai Frölich Zuogang Peng Kai Kaniuth Leonid Sverchkov Sabine Reinhold Andrey Belinskiy Arne Ludwig
author_sort	Oskar Schroeder
title	Endogenous Retroviral Insertions Indicate a Secondary Introduction of Domestic Sheep Lineages to the Caucasus and Central Asia between the Bronze and Iron Age
title_short	Endogenous Retroviral Insertions Indicate a Secondary Introduction of Domestic Sheep Lineages to the Caucasus and Central Asia between the Bronze and Iron Age
title_full	Endogenous Retroviral Insertions Indicate a Secondary Introduction of Domestic Sheep Lineages to the Caucasus and Central Asia between the Bronze and Iron Age
title_fullStr	Endogenous Retroviral Insertions Indicate a Secondary Introduction of Domestic Sheep Lineages to the Caucasus and Central Asia between the Bronze and Iron Age
title_full_unstemmed	Endogenous Retroviral Insertions Indicate a Secondary Introduction of Domestic Sheep Lineages to the Caucasus and Central Asia between the Bronze and Iron Age
title_sort	endogenous retroviral insertions indicate a secondary introduction of domestic sheep lineages to the caucasus and central asia between the bronze and iron age
publisher	MDPI AG
series	Genes
issn	2073-4425
publishDate	2017-06-01
description	Sheep were one of the first livestock species domesticated by humans. After initial domestication in the Middle East they were spread across Eurasia. The modern distribution of endogenous Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus insertions in domestic sheep breeds suggests that over the course of millennia, successive introductions of improved lineages and selection for wool quality occurred in the Mediterranean region and most of Asia. Here we present a novel ancient DNA approach using data of endogenous retroviral insertions in Bronze and Iron Age domestic sheep from the Caucasus and Pamir mountain areas. Our findings support a secondary introduction of wool sheep from the Middle East between the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age into most areas of Eurasia.
topic	archaeozoology ancient DNA endogenous retrovirus mitochondrial haplotype retrotype
url	http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/8/6/165
work_keys_str_mv	AT oskarschroeder endogenousretroviralinsertionsindicateasecondaryintroductionofdomesticsheeplineagestothecaucasusandcentralasiabetweenthebronzeandironage AT norbertbenecke endogenousretroviralinsertionsindicateasecondaryintroductionofdomesticsheeplineagestothecaucasusandcentralasiabetweenthebronzeandironage AT kaifrolich endogenousretroviralinsertionsindicateasecondaryintroductionofdomesticsheeplineagestothecaucasusandcentralasiabetweenthebronzeandironage AT zuogangpeng endogenousretroviralinsertionsindicateasecondaryintroductionofdomesticsheeplineagestothecaucasusandcentralasiabetweenthebronzeandironage AT kaikaniuth endogenousretroviralinsertionsindicateasecondaryintroductionofdomesticsheeplineagestothecaucasusandcentralasiabetweenthebronzeandironage AT leonidsverchkov endogenousretroviralinsertionsindicateasecondaryintroductionofdomesticsheeplineagestothecaucasusandcentralasiabetweenthebronzeandironage AT sabinereinhold endogenousretroviralinsertionsindicateasecondaryintroductionofdomesticsheeplineagestothecaucasusandcentralasiabetweenthebronzeandironage AT andreybelinskiy endogenousretroviralinsertionsindicateasecondaryintroductionofdomesticsheeplineagestothecaucasusandcentralasiabetweenthebronzeandironage AT arneludwig endogenousretroviralinsertionsindicateasecondaryintroductionofdomesticsheeplineagestothecaucasusandcentralasiabetweenthebronzeandironage
_version_	1725634486781083648

Endogenous Retroviral Insertions Indicate a Secondary Introduction of Domestic Sheep Lineages to the Caucasus and Central Asia between the Bronze and Iron Age

Similar Items