Diagnosis of Bacterial Pathogens in the Urine of Urinary-Tract-Infection Patients Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
(1) Background: surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a novel method for bacteria identification. However, reported applications of SERS in clinical diagnosis are limited. In this study, we used cylindrical SERS chips to detect urine pathogens in urinary tract infection (UTI) patients. (2) M...
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doaj-357a67ccad724e33b816ea876ed7c1db2020-11-24T21:28:22ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492018-12-012312337410.3390/molecules23123374molecules23123374Diagnosis of Bacterial Pathogens in the Urine of Urinary-Tract-Infection Patients Using Surface-Enhanced Raman SpectroscopyNi Tien0Tzu-Hsien Lin1Zen-Chao Hung2Hsiu-Shen Lin3I-Kuan Wang4Hung-Chih Chen5Chiz-Tzung Chang6Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yu-Der Rd, North district, Taichung 40447, TaiwanCollege of Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan, No. 49, Hsueh-Shih Rd, North District, Taichung 40402, TaiwanCollege of Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan, No. 49, Hsueh-Shih Rd, North District, Taichung 40402, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2 Yu-Der Rd, North district, Taichung 40447, TaiwanCollege of Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan, No. 49, Hsueh-Shih Rd, North District, Taichung 40402, TaiwanCollege of Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan, No. 49, Hsueh-Shih Rd, North District, Taichung 40402, TaiwanCollege of Medicine, China Medical University, Taiwan, No. 49, Hsueh-Shih Rd, North District, Taichung 40402, Taiwan(1) Background: surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a novel method for bacteria identification. However, reported applications of SERS in clinical diagnosis are limited. In this study, we used cylindrical SERS chips to detect urine pathogens in urinary tract infection (UTI) patients. (2) Methods: Urine samples were retrieved from 108 UTI patients. A 10 mL urine sample was sent to conventional bacterial culture as a reference. Another 10 mL urine sample was loaded on a SERS chip for bacteria identification and antibiotic susceptibility. We concentrated the urine specimen if the intensity of the Raman spectrum required enhancement. The resulting Raman spectrum was analyzed by a recognition software to compare with spectrum-form reference bacteria and was further confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA). (3) Results: There were 97 samples with single bacteria species identified by conventional urine culture and, among them, 93 can be successfully identified by using SERS without sample concentration. There were four samples that needed concentration for bacteria identification. Antibiotic susceptibility can also be found by SERS. There were seven mixed flora infections found by conventional culture, which can only be identified by the PCA method. (4) Conclusions: SERS can be used in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection with the aid of the recognition software and PCA.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/12/3374urinary tract infectionRaman spectroscopySERS |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ni Tien Tzu-Hsien Lin Zen-Chao Hung Hsiu-Shen Lin I-Kuan Wang Hung-Chih Chen Chiz-Tzung Chang |
spellingShingle |
Ni Tien Tzu-Hsien Lin Zen-Chao Hung Hsiu-Shen Lin I-Kuan Wang Hung-Chih Chen Chiz-Tzung Chang Diagnosis of Bacterial Pathogens in the Urine of Urinary-Tract-Infection Patients Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Molecules urinary tract infection Raman spectroscopy SERS |
author_facet |
Ni Tien Tzu-Hsien Lin Zen-Chao Hung Hsiu-Shen Lin I-Kuan Wang Hung-Chih Chen Chiz-Tzung Chang |
author_sort |
Ni Tien |
title |
Diagnosis of Bacterial Pathogens in the Urine of Urinary-Tract-Infection Patients Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_short |
Diagnosis of Bacterial Pathogens in the Urine of Urinary-Tract-Infection Patients Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_full |
Diagnosis of Bacterial Pathogens in the Urine of Urinary-Tract-Infection Patients Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_fullStr |
Diagnosis of Bacterial Pathogens in the Urine of Urinary-Tract-Infection Patients Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Diagnosis of Bacterial Pathogens in the Urine of Urinary-Tract-Infection Patients Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_sort |
diagnosis of bacterial pathogens in the urine of urinary-tract-infection patients using surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
(1) Background: surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a novel method for bacteria identification. However, reported applications of SERS in clinical diagnosis are limited. In this study, we used cylindrical SERS chips to detect urine pathogens in urinary tract infection (UTI) patients. (2) Methods: Urine samples were retrieved from 108 UTI patients. A 10 mL urine sample was sent to conventional bacterial culture as a reference. Another 10 mL urine sample was loaded on a SERS chip for bacteria identification and antibiotic susceptibility. We concentrated the urine specimen if the intensity of the Raman spectrum required enhancement. The resulting Raman spectrum was analyzed by a recognition software to compare with spectrum-form reference bacteria and was further confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA). (3) Results: There were 97 samples with single bacteria species identified by conventional urine culture and, among them, 93 can be successfully identified by using SERS without sample concentration. There were four samples that needed concentration for bacteria identification. Antibiotic susceptibility can also be found by SERS. There were seven mixed flora infections found by conventional culture, which can only be identified by the PCA method. (4) Conclusions: SERS can be used in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection with the aid of the recognition software and PCA. |
topic |
urinary tract infection Raman spectroscopy SERS |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/12/3374 |
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