Biocarbon Derived from <i>Opuntia ficus indica</i> for <i>p</i>-Nitrophenol Retention

• Main Authors: Hanedi Elhleli, Faten Mannai, Mongi ben Mosbah, Ramzi Khiari, Younes Moussaoui
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2020-10-01
• Series: Processes
• Subjects: porous carbon; activated carbon; adsorption; <i>p</i>-nitrophenol; <i>Opuntia ficus indica</i>
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/10/1242

Activated carbon obtained from <i>Opuntia ficus indica</i> by sodium hydroxide activation was employed for the adsorption of <i>p</i>-nitrophenol from water. The activated carbons obtained were characterized by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, sorption of nitrogen, scanning electron microscopy, and Boehm titration. Effects of pH, contact time, amount of adsorbent, and temperature on the adsorption of <i>p</i>-nitrophenol were studied. Adsorption isotherms were analyzed using Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models, and the thermodynamic parameters have been determined. The adsorption of <i>p</i>-nitrophenol was spontaneous, exothermic, and propitious at 15 °C and adopted the pseudo-second order model, and the most credible isotherm was Langmuir’s one. The activated carbon used in this work has good <i>p</i>-nitrophenol adsorption characteristics, and the study of the desorption and reuse of this carbon shows that it retains a removal rate greater than 94% after five cycles of adsorption-desorption.