Observed trends in ground-level O<sub>3</sub> in Monterrey, Mexico, during 1993–2014: comparison with Mexico City and Guadalajara
Here, we present an assessment of long-term trends in O<sub>3</sub> and odd oxygen (O<sub>3</sub> + NO<sub>2</sub>) at the industrial Monterrey metropolitan area (MMA) in NE Mexico. Diurnal amplitudes in O<sub><i>x</i></sub> (AV<sub>...
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doaj-35af7e9b577a4921a2e9adfb3529b8222020-11-24T23:14:52ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242017-07-01179163918510.5194/acp-17-9163-2017Observed trends in ground-level O<sub>3</sub> in Monterrey, Mexico, during 1993–2014: comparison with Mexico City and GuadalajaraI. Y. Hernández Paniagua0I. Y. Hernández Paniagua1K. C. Clemitshaw2A. Mendoza3Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., 64849, MéxicoCentro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, MéxicoDepartment of Earth Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UKEscuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., 64849, MéxicoHere, we present an assessment of long-term trends in O<sub>3</sub> and odd oxygen (O<sub>3</sub> + NO<sub>2</sub>) at the industrial Monterrey metropolitan area (MMA) in NE Mexico. Diurnal amplitudes in O<sub><i>x</i></sub> (AV<sub>d</sub>) are used as a proxy for net O<sub>3</sub> production, which is influenced by the NO<sub>2</sub> photolysis rate. No significant differences in the AV<sub>d</sub> are observed between weekends and weekdays, although the largest AV<sub>d</sub> values are observed at sites downwind of industrial areas. The highest O<sub>3</sub> mixing ratios are observed in spring, with minimum values in winter. The largest annual variations in O<sub>3</sub> are typically observed downwind of the MMA, with the lowest variations generally recorded in highly populated areas and close to industrial areas. A wind sector analysis of mixing ratios of O<sub>3</sub> precursors revealed that the dominant sources of emissions are located in the industrial regions within the MMA and surrounding area. Significant increasing trends in O<sub>3</sub> in spring, summer, and autumn are observed depending on site location, with trends in annual averages ranging between 0.19 and 0.33 ppb yr<sup>−1</sup>. Overall, from 1993 to 2014, within the MMA, O<sub>3</sub> has increased at an average rate of 0.22 ppb yr<sup>−1</sup> (<i>p</i> < 0. 01), which is in marked contrast with the decline of 1.15 ppb yr<sup>−1</sup> (<i>p</i> < 0. 001) observed in the Mexico City metropolitan area (MCMA) for the same period. No clear trend is observed from 1996 to 2014 within the Guadalajara metropolitan area (GMA).https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/9163/2017/acp-17-9163-2017.pdf |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
I. Y. Hernández Paniagua I. Y. Hernández Paniagua K. C. Clemitshaw A. Mendoza |
spellingShingle |
I. Y. Hernández Paniagua I. Y. Hernández Paniagua K. C. Clemitshaw A. Mendoza Observed trends in ground-level O<sub>3</sub> in Monterrey, Mexico, during 1993–2014: comparison with Mexico City and Guadalajara Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
author_facet |
I. Y. Hernández Paniagua I. Y. Hernández Paniagua K. C. Clemitshaw A. Mendoza |
author_sort |
I. Y. Hernández Paniagua |
title |
Observed trends in ground-level O<sub>3</sub> in Monterrey, Mexico, during 1993–2014: comparison with Mexico City and Guadalajara |
title_short |
Observed trends in ground-level O<sub>3</sub> in Monterrey, Mexico, during 1993–2014: comparison with Mexico City and Guadalajara |
title_full |
Observed trends in ground-level O<sub>3</sub> in Monterrey, Mexico, during 1993–2014: comparison with Mexico City and Guadalajara |
title_fullStr |
Observed trends in ground-level O<sub>3</sub> in Monterrey, Mexico, during 1993–2014: comparison with Mexico City and Guadalajara |
title_full_unstemmed |
Observed trends in ground-level O<sub>3</sub> in Monterrey, Mexico, during 1993–2014: comparison with Mexico City and Guadalajara |
title_sort |
observed trends in ground-level o<sub>3</sub> in monterrey, mexico, during 1993–2014: comparison with mexico city and guadalajara |
publisher |
Copernicus Publications |
series |
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
issn |
1680-7316 1680-7324 |
publishDate |
2017-07-01 |
description |
Here, we present an assessment of long-term trends in O<sub>3</sub> and odd oxygen (O<sub>3</sub> + NO<sub>2</sub>) at the industrial
Monterrey metropolitan area (MMA) in NE Mexico. Diurnal amplitudes in O<sub><i>x</i></sub> (AV<sub>d</sub>) are used as a proxy for net
O<sub>3</sub> production, which is influenced by the NO<sub>2</sub> photolysis rate. No significant differences in the AV<sub>d</sub>
are observed between weekends and weekdays, although the largest AV<sub>d</sub> values are observed at sites downwind of industrial
areas. The highest O<sub>3</sub> mixing ratios are observed in spring, with minimum values in winter. The largest annual
variations in O<sub>3</sub> are typically observed downwind of the MMA, with the lowest variations generally recorded in highly
populated areas and close to industrial areas. A wind sector analysis of mixing ratios of O<sub>3</sub> precursors revealed that
the dominant sources of emissions are located in the industrial regions within the MMA and surrounding area. Significant
increasing trends in O<sub>3</sub> in spring, summer, and autumn are observed depending on site location, with trends in annual
averages ranging between 0.19 and 0.33 ppb yr<sup>−1</sup>. Overall, from 1993 to 2014, within the MMA, O<sub>3</sub> has
increased at an average rate of 0.22 ppb yr<sup>−1</sup> (<i>p</i> < 0. 01), which is in marked contrast with the decline of
1.15 ppb yr<sup>−1</sup> (<i>p</i> < 0. 001) observed in the Mexico City metropolitan area (MCMA) for the same period. No clear trend
is observed from 1996 to 2014 within the Guadalajara metropolitan area (GMA). |
url |
https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/9163/2017/acp-17-9163-2017.pdf |
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