Antileishmanial activity of the essential oil from Tetradenia ripariaobtained in different seasons

• Main Authors: Bruna Muller Cardoso, Tatiane França Perles de Mello, Sara Negrão Lopes, Izabel Galhardo Demarchi, Daniele Stefani Lopes Lera, Raíssa Bocchi Pedroso, Diogenes Aparício Cortez, Zilda Cristiani Gazim, Sandra Mara Alessi Aristides, Thais Gomes Verzignassi Silveira, Maria Valdrinez Campana Lonardoni
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde 2015-01-01
• Series: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.
• Subjects: Tetradenia riparia; essential oil; Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis; antileishmanial activity; nitric oxide
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762015005025105&lng=en&tlng=en

The herbaceous shrub Tetradenia ripariahas been traditionally used to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. Recently, a study showed that T. ripariaessential oil (TrEO) obtained in summer has antileishmanial effects, although these results could be influenced by seasonal variation. This study evaluated the activity of the TrEO obtained in different seasons against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis, in vitro and in vivo. The compounds in the TrEO were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; terpenoids were present and oxygenated sesquiterpenes were the majority compounds (55.28%). The cytotoxicity and nitric oxide (NO) production were also tested after TrEO treatment. The TrEO from all seasons showed a 50% growth inhibitory concentration for promastigotes of about 15 ng/mL; at 30 ng/mL and 3 ng/mL, the TrEO reduced intracellular amastigote infection, independently of season. The TrEO from plants harvested in summer had the highest 50% cytotoxic concentration, 1,476 ng/mL for J774.A1 macrophages, and in spring (90.94 ng/mL) for murine macrophages. NO production did not change in samples of the TrEO from different seasons. The antileishmanial effect in vivo consisted of a reduction of the parasite load in the spleen. These results suggest that the TrEO has potential effects on L. (L.) amazonensis, consonant with its traditional use to treat parasitic diseases.