Associations between Free Sugar and Sugary Beverage Intake in Early Childhood and Adult NAFLD in a Population-Based UK Cohort
(1) Background: High sugar intake is prevalent among children and is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this study is to determine if a high intake of free sugars and sugary beverages (SB) in childhood is associated with NAFLD in adulthood; (2) Methods: At 24 y...
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doaj-362639fad939400493970edb18b2b6742021-04-08T23:03:33ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672021-04-01829029010.3390/children8040290Associations between Free Sugar and Sugary Beverage Intake in Early Childhood and Adult NAFLD in a Population-Based UK CohortAhlia Sekkarie0Jean A. Welsh1Kate Northstone2Aryeh D. Stein3Usha Ramakrishnan4Miriam B. Vos5Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USANutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAPopulation Health Science, Bristol Medical School, Bristol BS8 2BN, UKNutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USAHubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USANutrition and Health Sciences Program, Laney Graduate School, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA(1) Background: High sugar intake is prevalent among children and is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this study is to determine if a high intake of free sugars and sugary beverages (SB) in childhood is associated with NAFLD in adulthood; (2) Methods: At 24 years, 3095 participants were assessed for severe hepatic steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter >280 dB/m) and had dietary data collected via a food frequency questionnaire at age three years. Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for total energy intake, potential confounders, and a mediator (offspring body mass index (BMI) at 24 years); (3) Results: Per quintile increase of free sugar intake association with severe hepatic steatosis at 24 years after adjusting for total energy was odds ratio (OR):1.07 (95% CL: 0.99–1.17). Comparing the lowest vs. the highest free sugar consumers, the association was OR:1.28 (95% CL: 0.88–1.85) and 1.14 (0.72, 1.82) after full adjustment. The OR for high SB consumption (>2/day) compared to <1/day was 1.23 (95% CL: 0.82–1.84) and OR: 0.98 (95% CL: 0.60–1.60) after full adjustment; (4) Conclusions: High free sugar and SB intake at three years were positively but weakly associated with severe hepatic steatosis at 24 years. These associations were completely attenuated after adjusting for confounders and 24-year BMI.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/4/290NAFLDobesityfree sugarssugar sweetened beverageschildrenlongitudinal |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ahlia Sekkarie Jean A. Welsh Kate Northstone Aryeh D. Stein Usha Ramakrishnan Miriam B. Vos |
spellingShingle |
Ahlia Sekkarie Jean A. Welsh Kate Northstone Aryeh D. Stein Usha Ramakrishnan Miriam B. Vos Associations between Free Sugar and Sugary Beverage Intake in Early Childhood and Adult NAFLD in a Population-Based UK Cohort Children NAFLD obesity free sugars sugar sweetened beverages children longitudinal |
author_facet |
Ahlia Sekkarie Jean A. Welsh Kate Northstone Aryeh D. Stein Usha Ramakrishnan Miriam B. Vos |
author_sort |
Ahlia Sekkarie |
title |
Associations between Free Sugar and Sugary Beverage Intake in Early Childhood and Adult NAFLD in a Population-Based UK Cohort |
title_short |
Associations between Free Sugar and Sugary Beverage Intake in Early Childhood and Adult NAFLD in a Population-Based UK Cohort |
title_full |
Associations between Free Sugar and Sugary Beverage Intake in Early Childhood and Adult NAFLD in a Population-Based UK Cohort |
title_fullStr |
Associations between Free Sugar and Sugary Beverage Intake in Early Childhood and Adult NAFLD in a Population-Based UK Cohort |
title_full_unstemmed |
Associations between Free Sugar and Sugary Beverage Intake in Early Childhood and Adult NAFLD in a Population-Based UK Cohort |
title_sort |
associations between free sugar and sugary beverage intake in early childhood and adult nafld in a population-based uk cohort |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Children |
issn |
2227-9067 |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
(1) Background: High sugar intake is prevalent among children and is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purpose of this study is to determine if a high intake of free sugars and sugary beverages (SB) in childhood is associated with NAFLD in adulthood; (2) Methods: At 24 years, 3095 participants were assessed for severe hepatic steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter >280 dB/m) and had dietary data collected via a food frequency questionnaire at age three years. Multiple logistic regression models adjusted for total energy intake, potential confounders, and a mediator (offspring body mass index (BMI) at 24 years); (3) Results: Per quintile increase of free sugar intake association with severe hepatic steatosis at 24 years after adjusting for total energy was odds ratio (OR):1.07 (95% CL: 0.99–1.17). Comparing the lowest vs. the highest free sugar consumers, the association was OR:1.28 (95% CL: 0.88–1.85) and 1.14 (0.72, 1.82) after full adjustment. The OR for high SB consumption (>2/day) compared to <1/day was 1.23 (95% CL: 0.82–1.84) and OR: 0.98 (95% CL: 0.60–1.60) after full adjustment; (4) Conclusions: High free sugar and SB intake at three years were positively but weakly associated with severe hepatic steatosis at 24 years. These associations were completely attenuated after adjusting for confounders and 24-year BMI. |
topic |
NAFLD obesity free sugars sugar sweetened beverages children longitudinal |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/4/290 |
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