Maximization of learning speed in the motor cortex due to neuronal redundancy.
Many redundancies play functional roles in motor control and motor learning. For example, kinematic and muscle redundancies contribute to stabilizing posture and impedance control, respectively. Another redundancy is the number of neurons themselves; there are overwhelmingly more neurons than muscle...
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doaj-36a0c57986f64fe6a88cae61a053a13b2020-11-25T02:31:46ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Computational Biology1553-734X1553-73582012-01-0181e100234810.1371/journal.pcbi.1002348Maximization of learning speed in the motor cortex due to neuronal redundancy.Ken TakiyamaMasato OkadaMany redundancies play functional roles in motor control and motor learning. For example, kinematic and muscle redundancies contribute to stabilizing posture and impedance control, respectively. Another redundancy is the number of neurons themselves; there are overwhelmingly more neurons than muscles, and many combinations of neural activation can generate identical muscle activity. The functional roles of this neuronal redundancy remains unknown. Analysis of a redundant neural network model makes it possible to investigate these functional roles while varying the number of model neurons and holding constant the number of output units. Our analysis reveals that learning speed reaches its maximum value if and only if the model includes sufficient neuronal redundancy. This analytical result does not depend on whether the distribution of the preferred direction is uniform or a skewed bimodal, both of which have been reported in neurophysiological studies. Neuronal redundancy maximizes learning speed, even if the neural network model includes recurrent connections, a nonlinear activation function, or nonlinear muscle units. Furthermore, our results do not rely on the shape of the generalization function. The results of this study suggest that one of the functional roles of neuronal redundancy is to maximize learning speed.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3257280?pdf=render |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ken Takiyama Masato Okada |
spellingShingle |
Ken Takiyama Masato Okada Maximization of learning speed in the motor cortex due to neuronal redundancy. PLoS Computational Biology |
author_facet |
Ken Takiyama Masato Okada |
author_sort |
Ken Takiyama |
title |
Maximization of learning speed in the motor cortex due to neuronal redundancy. |
title_short |
Maximization of learning speed in the motor cortex due to neuronal redundancy. |
title_full |
Maximization of learning speed in the motor cortex due to neuronal redundancy. |
title_fullStr |
Maximization of learning speed in the motor cortex due to neuronal redundancy. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Maximization of learning speed in the motor cortex due to neuronal redundancy. |
title_sort |
maximization of learning speed in the motor cortex due to neuronal redundancy. |
publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
series |
PLoS Computational Biology |
issn |
1553-734X 1553-7358 |
publishDate |
2012-01-01 |
description |
Many redundancies play functional roles in motor control and motor learning. For example, kinematic and muscle redundancies contribute to stabilizing posture and impedance control, respectively. Another redundancy is the number of neurons themselves; there are overwhelmingly more neurons than muscles, and many combinations of neural activation can generate identical muscle activity. The functional roles of this neuronal redundancy remains unknown. Analysis of a redundant neural network model makes it possible to investigate these functional roles while varying the number of model neurons and holding constant the number of output units. Our analysis reveals that learning speed reaches its maximum value if and only if the model includes sufficient neuronal redundancy. This analytical result does not depend on whether the distribution of the preferred direction is uniform or a skewed bimodal, both of which have been reported in neurophysiological studies. Neuronal redundancy maximizes learning speed, even if the neural network model includes recurrent connections, a nonlinear activation function, or nonlinear muscle units. Furthermore, our results do not rely on the shape of the generalization function. The results of this study suggest that one of the functional roles of neuronal redundancy is to maximize learning speed. |
url |
http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3257280?pdf=render |
work_keys_str_mv |
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