Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literature
Open globe injury (OGI) is a severe form of eye trauma estimated at 2-3.8/100,000 in the United States. Most pediatric cases occur at home and are the result of sharp object penetration. The aim of this article is to review the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of this condition by...
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2015-01-01
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doaj-36ae17741a344e20b1b1dc48004eeded2020-11-24T23:05:00ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Emergencies, Trauma and Shock0974-27002015-01-018421622310.4103/0974-2700.166663Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literatureXintong LiMarco A ZarbinNeelakshi BhagatOpen globe injury (OGI) is a severe form of eye trauma estimated at 2-3.8/100,000 in the United States. Most pediatric cases occur at home and are the result of sharp object penetration. The aim of this article is to review the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of this condition by conducting a systematic literature search with inclusion of all case series on pediatric OGI published between 1996 and 2015. Diagnosis of OGI is based on patient history and clinical examination supplemented with imaging, especially computed tomography when indicated. Few prospective studies exist for the management of OGI in pediatric patients, but adult recommendations are often followed with success. The main goals of surgical management are to repair the open globe and remove intraocular foreign bodies. Systemic antibiotics are recommended as medical prophylaxis against globe infection, or endophthalmitis. Other complications are similar to those seen in adults, with the added focus of amblyopia therapy in children. Severe vision decline is most likely due to traumatic cataracts. The ocular trauma score, a system devised to predict final visual acuity (VA) in adults, has proven to be of prognostic value in pediatric OGI as well. Factors indicating poor visual prognosis are young age, poor initial VA, posterior eye involvement, long wound length, globe rupture, lens involvement, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and endophthalmitis. A thorough understanding of OGI and the key differences in epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis between adults and children is critical to timely prevention of posttraumatic vision loss early in life.http://www.onlinejets.org/article.asp?issn=0974-2700;year=2015;volume=8;issue=4;spage=216;epage=223;aulast=LiAmblyopiaeye traumaopen globepediatric traumasurgeryvisual impairment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xintong Li Marco A Zarbin Neelakshi Bhagat |
spellingShingle |
Xintong Li Marco A Zarbin Neelakshi Bhagat Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literature Journal of Emergencies, Trauma and Shock Amblyopia eye trauma open globe pediatric trauma surgery visual impairment |
author_facet |
Xintong Li Marco A Zarbin Neelakshi Bhagat |
author_sort |
Xintong Li |
title |
Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literature |
title_short |
Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literature |
title_full |
Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literature |
title_fullStr |
Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literature |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pediatric open globe injury: A review of the literature |
title_sort |
pediatric open globe injury: a review of the literature |
publisher |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
series |
Journal of Emergencies, Trauma and Shock |
issn |
0974-2700 |
publishDate |
2015-01-01 |
description |
Open globe injury (OGI) is a severe form of eye trauma estimated at 2-3.8/100,000 in the United States. Most pediatric cases occur at home and are the result of sharp object penetration. The aim of this article is to review the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis of this condition by conducting a systematic literature search with inclusion of all case series on pediatric OGI published between 1996 and 2015. Diagnosis of OGI is based on patient history and clinical examination supplemented with imaging, especially computed tomography when indicated. Few prospective studies exist for the management of OGI in pediatric patients, but adult recommendations are often followed with success. The main goals of surgical management are to repair the open globe and remove intraocular foreign bodies. Systemic antibiotics are recommended as medical prophylaxis against globe infection, or endophthalmitis. Other complications are similar to those seen in adults, with the added focus of amblyopia therapy in children. Severe vision decline is most likely due to traumatic cataracts. The ocular trauma score, a system devised to predict final visual acuity (VA) in adults, has proven to be of prognostic value in pediatric OGI as well. Factors indicating poor visual prognosis are young age, poor initial VA, posterior eye involvement, long wound length, globe rupture, lens involvement, vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment, and endophthalmitis. A thorough understanding of OGI and the key differences in epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and prognosis between adults and children is critical to timely prevention of posttraumatic vision loss early in life. |
topic |
Amblyopia eye trauma open globe pediatric trauma surgery visual impairment |
url |
http://www.onlinejets.org/article.asp?issn=0974-2700;year=2015;volume=8;issue=4;spage=216;epage=223;aulast=Li |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT xintongli pediatricopenglobeinjuryareviewoftheliterature AT marcoazarbin pediatricopenglobeinjuryareviewoftheliterature AT neelakshibhagat pediatricopenglobeinjuryareviewoftheliterature |
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