Nationwide epidemiological study for estimating the effect of extreme outdoor temperature on occupational injuries in Italy
Background: Despite the relevance for occupational safety policies, the health effects of temperature on occupational injuries have been scarcely investigated. A nationwide epidemiological study was carried out to estimate the risk of injuries for workers exposed to extreme temperature and identify...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2019-12-01
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Series: | Environment International |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019318410 |
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Article |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alessandro Marinaccio Matteo Scortichini Claudio Gariazzo Antonio Leva Michela Bonafede Francesca K. de' Donato Massimo Stafoggia Giovanni Viegi Paola Michelozzi Ancona Carla Angelini Paola Argentini Stefania Baldacci Sandra Bisceglia Lucia Bonomo Sergio Bonvicini Laura Broccoli Serena Brusasca Giuseppe Bucci Simone Calori Giuseppe Carlino Giuseppe Cernigliaro Achille Chieti Antonio Fasola Salvatore Finardi Sandro Forastiere Francesco Galassi Claudia Giorgi Rossi Paolo La Grutta Stefania Licitra Gaetano Maio Sara Migliore Enrica Moro Antonino Nanni Alessandro Ottone Marta Pepe Nicola Radice Paola Ranzi Andrea Renzi Matteo Scondotto Salvatore Silibello Camillo Sozzi Roberto Tinarelli Gianni Uboldi Francesco |
spellingShingle |
Alessandro Marinaccio Matteo Scortichini Claudio Gariazzo Antonio Leva Michela Bonafede Francesca K. de' Donato Massimo Stafoggia Giovanni Viegi Paola Michelozzi Ancona Carla Angelini Paola Argentini Stefania Baldacci Sandra Bisceglia Lucia Bonomo Sergio Bonvicini Laura Broccoli Serena Brusasca Giuseppe Bucci Simone Calori Giuseppe Carlino Giuseppe Cernigliaro Achille Chieti Antonio Fasola Salvatore Finardi Sandro Forastiere Francesco Galassi Claudia Giorgi Rossi Paolo La Grutta Stefania Licitra Gaetano Maio Sara Migliore Enrica Moro Antonino Nanni Alessandro Ottone Marta Pepe Nicola Radice Paola Ranzi Andrea Renzi Matteo Scondotto Salvatore Silibello Camillo Sozzi Roberto Tinarelli Gianni Uboldi Francesco Nationwide epidemiological study for estimating the effect of extreme outdoor temperature on occupational injuries in Italy Environment International |
author_facet |
Alessandro Marinaccio Matteo Scortichini Claudio Gariazzo Antonio Leva Michela Bonafede Francesca K. de' Donato Massimo Stafoggia Giovanni Viegi Paola Michelozzi Ancona Carla Angelini Paola Argentini Stefania Baldacci Sandra Bisceglia Lucia Bonomo Sergio Bonvicini Laura Broccoli Serena Brusasca Giuseppe Bucci Simone Calori Giuseppe Carlino Giuseppe Cernigliaro Achille Chieti Antonio Fasola Salvatore Finardi Sandro Forastiere Francesco Galassi Claudia Giorgi Rossi Paolo La Grutta Stefania Licitra Gaetano Maio Sara Migliore Enrica Moro Antonino Nanni Alessandro Ottone Marta Pepe Nicola Radice Paola Ranzi Andrea Renzi Matteo Scondotto Salvatore Silibello Camillo Sozzi Roberto Tinarelli Gianni Uboldi Francesco |
author_sort |
Alessandro Marinaccio |
title |
Nationwide epidemiological study for estimating the effect of extreme outdoor temperature on occupational injuries in Italy |
title_short |
Nationwide epidemiological study for estimating the effect of extreme outdoor temperature on occupational injuries in Italy |
title_full |
Nationwide epidemiological study for estimating the effect of extreme outdoor temperature on occupational injuries in Italy |
title_fullStr |
Nationwide epidemiological study for estimating the effect of extreme outdoor temperature on occupational injuries in Italy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Nationwide epidemiological study for estimating the effect of extreme outdoor temperature on occupational injuries in Italy |
title_sort |
nationwide epidemiological study for estimating the effect of extreme outdoor temperature on occupational injuries in italy |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Environment International |
issn |
0160-4120 |
publishDate |
2019-12-01 |
description |
Background: Despite the relevance for occupational safety policies, the health effects of temperature on occupational injuries have been scarcely investigated. A nationwide epidemiological study was carried out to estimate the risk of injuries for workers exposed to extreme temperature and identify economic sectors and jobs most at risk. Materials and methods: The daily time series of work-related injuries in the industrial and services sector from the Italian national workers' compensation authority (INAIL) were collected for each of the 8090 Italian municipalities in the period 2006–2010. Daily air temperatures with a 1 × 1 km resolution derived from satellite land surface temperature data using mixed regression models were included. Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) were used to estimate the association between daily mean air temperature and injuries at municipal level. A meta-analysis was then carried out to retrieve national estimates. The relative risk (RR) and attributable cases of work-related injuries for an increase in mean temperature above the 75th percentile (heat) and for a decrease below the 25th percentile (cold) were estimated. Effect modification by gender, age, firm size, economic sector and job type were also assessed. Results: The study considered 2,277,432 occupational injuries occurred in Italy in the period 2006–2010. There were significant effects for both heat and cold temperatures. The overall relative risks (RR) of occupational injury for heat and cold were 1.17 (95% CI: 1.14–1.21) and 1.23 (95% CI: 1.17–1.30), respectively. The number of occupational injuries attributable to temperatures above and below the thresholds was estimated to be 5211 per year. A higher risk of injury on hot days was found among males and young (age 15–34) workers occupied in small-medium size firms, while the opposite was observed on cold days. Construction workers showed the highest risk of injuries on hot days while fishing, transport, electricity, gas and water distribution workers did it on cold days. Conclusions: Prevention of the occupational exposure to extreme temperatures is a concern for occupational health and safety policies, and will become a critical issue in future years considering climate change. Epidemiological studies may help identify vulnerable jobs, activities and workers in order to define prevention plans and training to reduce occupational exposure to extreme temperature and the risk of work-related injuries. Keywords: Climate change, Extreme outdoor air temperature, Occupational injuries, Heat impacts, Cold impacts, Case-crossover study |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019318410 |
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doaj-37727be05ce141448be9a67333a39f622020-11-25T01:36:06ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202019-12-01133Nationwide epidemiological study for estimating the effect of extreme outdoor temperature on occupational injuries in ItalyAlessandro Marinaccio0Matteo Scortichini1Claudio Gariazzo2Antonio Leva3Michela Bonafede4Francesca K. de' Donato5Massimo Stafoggia6Giovanni Viegi7Paola Michelozzi8Ancona CarlaAngelini PaolaArgentini StefaniaBaldacci SandraBisceglia LuciaBonomo SergioBonvicini LauraBroccoli SerenaBrusasca GiuseppeBucci SimoneCalori GiuseppeCarlino GiuseppeCernigliaro AchilleChieti AntonioFasola SalvatoreFinardi SandroForastiere FrancescoGalassi ClaudiaGiorgi Rossi PaoloLa Grutta StefaniaLicitra GaetanoMaio SaraMigliore EnricaMoro AntoninoNanni AlessandroOttone MartaPepe NicolaRadice PaolaRanzi AndreaRenzi MatteoScondotto SalvatoreSilibello CamilloSozzi RobertoTinarelli GianniUboldi FrancescoOccupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene Department, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Roma, Italy; Corresponding author at: Epidemiology Unit, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene Department, INAIL (Italian national workers compensation authority), Via Stefano Gradi 55, 00143 Rome, Italy.Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, ItalyOccupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene Department, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Roma, ItalyOccupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene Department, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Roma, ItalyOccupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene Department, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Roma, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, ItalyItalian National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB) (previously Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Epidemiology “Alberto Monroy”), Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, ASL Roma 1, Rome, ItalyBackground: Despite the relevance for occupational safety policies, the health effects of temperature on occupational injuries have been scarcely investigated. A nationwide epidemiological study was carried out to estimate the risk of injuries for workers exposed to extreme temperature and identify economic sectors and jobs most at risk. Materials and methods: The daily time series of work-related injuries in the industrial and services sector from the Italian national workers' compensation authority (INAIL) were collected for each of the 8090 Italian municipalities in the period 2006–2010. Daily air temperatures with a 1 × 1 km resolution derived from satellite land surface temperature data using mixed regression models were included. Distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) were used to estimate the association between daily mean air temperature and injuries at municipal level. A meta-analysis was then carried out to retrieve national estimates. The relative risk (RR) and attributable cases of work-related injuries for an increase in mean temperature above the 75th percentile (heat) and for a decrease below the 25th percentile (cold) were estimated. Effect modification by gender, age, firm size, economic sector and job type were also assessed. Results: The study considered 2,277,432 occupational injuries occurred in Italy in the period 2006–2010. There were significant effects for both heat and cold temperatures. The overall relative risks (RR) of occupational injury for heat and cold were 1.17 (95% CI: 1.14–1.21) and 1.23 (95% CI: 1.17–1.30), respectively. The number of occupational injuries attributable to temperatures above and below the thresholds was estimated to be 5211 per year. A higher risk of injury on hot days was found among males and young (age 15–34) workers occupied in small-medium size firms, while the opposite was observed on cold days. Construction workers showed the highest risk of injuries on hot days while fishing, transport, electricity, gas and water distribution workers did it on cold days. Conclusions: Prevention of the occupational exposure to extreme temperatures is a concern for occupational health and safety policies, and will become a critical issue in future years considering climate change. Epidemiological studies may help identify vulnerable jobs, activities and workers in order to define prevention plans and training to reduce occupational exposure to extreme temperature and the risk of work-related injuries. Keywords: Climate change, Extreme outdoor air temperature, Occupational injuries, Heat impacts, Cold impacts, Case-crossover studyhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019318410 |