The Uncanny History and Unrepresentability of Subject formation in Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale

• Main Authors: رویا الهی, امیر علی نجومیان
• Format: Article
• Language: fas
• Published: Shahid Beheshti University 2018-03-01
• Series: Naqd-i Zabān va Adabīyyāt-i Khārijī
• Subjects: امر نا/مأنوس – تاریخ - زبان – حافظه - زیگموند فروید - ژان- فرانسوا لیوتار- مارگارت اتوود
• Online Access: http://clls.sbu.ac.ir/article/view/19994

The Uncanny whose presence at least refers back to Freud's 1919 essay of the same title has been reconsidered by critics in recent century. The uncanny is no more attributed merely to the realm of aesthetic or psychology as Freud attempted to explain. It is rather an interdisciplinary issue to discuss our modern anxieties such as migration, gender, history, etc. Margaret Atwood (1939- ) is a contemporary Canadian writer who has reconsidered history. What makes her different from other writers is the way she rereads history. This article is an attempt to study The Handmaid's Tale, her 1985 novel through the uncanny. In her novel, history is a narrative whose uncanny reading foregrounds the unrepresentable realities in relation to subject formation. Through the uncanny, history which has been taken for granted as a familiar, clear and unchangeable "fact" becomes a strange, ambiguous and alternate "sign". The theories of Sigmund Freud and Jean-François Lyotard are mainly consulted to delineate the uncanny and history and their tendency to foreground the unrepresentabilities of subject formation. In Atwood's novel, Language and memory function as two significant uncanny issues whose indecisive and abeyant nature shun any historical "fact" to actualize as a familiar, clear and unchangeable given. This in turn, keeps the reader incessantly in the state of indecision and ultimately renders the process of subject formation as unrepresentable.