Short and Long Term Repeatability of Saccharin Transit Time in Current, Former, and Never Smokers
Smoking progressively damages the efficiency of mucociliary clearance (MCC) defense mechanisms, thus contributing to increased susceptibility to respiratory infections. Prolonged mucociliary clearance transit time (MCCTT) caused by chronic smoking has been investigated by saccharin test, but little...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-09-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.01109/full |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Rosalia Emma Rosalia Emma Pasquale Caponnetto Pasquale Caponnetto Fabio Cibella Massimo Caruso Massimo Caruso Massimo Caruso Gianluca Conte Francesca Benfatto Salvatore Ferlito Alessandro Gulino Riccardo Polosa Riccardo Polosa Riccardo Polosa |
spellingShingle |
Rosalia Emma Rosalia Emma Pasquale Caponnetto Pasquale Caponnetto Fabio Cibella Massimo Caruso Massimo Caruso Massimo Caruso Gianluca Conte Francesca Benfatto Salvatore Ferlito Alessandro Gulino Riccardo Polosa Riccardo Polosa Riccardo Polosa Short and Long Term Repeatability of Saccharin Transit Time in Current, Former, and Never Smokers Frontiers in Physiology smoking mucociliary clearance transit time saccharin test reproducibility MCC |
author_facet |
Rosalia Emma Rosalia Emma Pasquale Caponnetto Pasquale Caponnetto Fabio Cibella Massimo Caruso Massimo Caruso Massimo Caruso Gianluca Conte Francesca Benfatto Salvatore Ferlito Alessandro Gulino Riccardo Polosa Riccardo Polosa Riccardo Polosa |
author_sort |
Rosalia Emma |
title |
Short and Long Term Repeatability of Saccharin Transit Time in Current, Former, and Never Smokers |
title_short |
Short and Long Term Repeatability of Saccharin Transit Time in Current, Former, and Never Smokers |
title_full |
Short and Long Term Repeatability of Saccharin Transit Time in Current, Former, and Never Smokers |
title_fullStr |
Short and Long Term Repeatability of Saccharin Transit Time in Current, Former, and Never Smokers |
title_full_unstemmed |
Short and Long Term Repeatability of Saccharin Transit Time in Current, Former, and Never Smokers |
title_sort |
short and long term repeatability of saccharin transit time in current, former, and never smokers |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Physiology |
issn |
1664-042X |
publishDate |
2020-09-01 |
description |
Smoking progressively damages the efficiency of mucociliary clearance (MCC) defense mechanisms, thus contributing to increased susceptibility to respiratory infections. Prolonged mucociliary clearance transit time (MCCTT) caused by chronic smoking has been investigated by saccharin test, but little data is available about its short- and long-term reproducibility. Moreover, it is not known if MCC impairment can be reversed when stopping smoking. Objective of the study is to investigate and compare short (3 days) and long term (30 days) repeatability of baseline saccharin transit time (STT) among current, former, and never smokers. STT results were analyzed in 39 current, 40 former, and 40 never smokers. Significant (p < 0.0001) short-term and long-term repeatability of STT were observed in current (R squared = 0.398 and 0.672, for short- and long-term, respectively) and former smokers (R squared = 0.714 and 0.595, for short- and long-term, respectively). Significant differences in MCCTT were observed among the three study groups (p < 0.0001); the median (IQR) MCCTT being 13.15 (10.24–17.25), 7.26 (6.18–9.17), and 7.24 (5.73–8.73) minutes for current, former and never smokers, respectively. Comparison between current smokers and former smokers was significantly different (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between former and never smokers. The Saccharin test was well tolerated by all participants. We have shown for the first time high level repeatability in both current and former smokers. Moreover, MCC impairment can be completely reversed, former smokers exhibiting similar STT as never smokers. Measurement of STT is a sensitive biomarker of physiological effect for the detection of early respiratory health changes and may be useful for clinical research. |
topic |
smoking mucociliary clearance transit time saccharin test reproducibility MCC |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.01109/full |
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doaj-37f4ed35f15d4d12a109545bf150d2852020-11-25T02:33:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physiology1664-042X2020-09-011110.3389/fphys.2020.01109571234Short and Long Term Repeatability of Saccharin Transit Time in Current, Former, and Never SmokersRosalia Emma0Rosalia Emma1Pasquale Caponnetto2Pasquale Caponnetto3Fabio Cibella4Massimo Caruso5Massimo Caruso6Massimo Caruso7Gianluca Conte8Francesca Benfatto9Salvatore Ferlito10Alessandro Gulino11Riccardo Polosa12Riccardo Polosa13Riccardo Polosa14Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital “Policlinico–V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyCenter of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyCentre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital “Policlinico–V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyCenter of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyNational Research Council, Institute of Biomedicine and Molecular Immunology, Palermo, ItalyCentre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital “Policlinico–V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyCenter of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyCentre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital “Policlinico–V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyCentre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital “Policlinico–V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F., Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F., Ingrassia”, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyCentre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital “Policlinico–V. Emanuele”, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyCenter of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, ItalySmoking progressively damages the efficiency of mucociliary clearance (MCC) defense mechanisms, thus contributing to increased susceptibility to respiratory infections. Prolonged mucociliary clearance transit time (MCCTT) caused by chronic smoking has been investigated by saccharin test, but little data is available about its short- and long-term reproducibility. Moreover, it is not known if MCC impairment can be reversed when stopping smoking. Objective of the study is to investigate and compare short (3 days) and long term (30 days) repeatability of baseline saccharin transit time (STT) among current, former, and never smokers. STT results were analyzed in 39 current, 40 former, and 40 never smokers. Significant (p < 0.0001) short-term and long-term repeatability of STT were observed in current (R squared = 0.398 and 0.672, for short- and long-term, respectively) and former smokers (R squared = 0.714 and 0.595, for short- and long-term, respectively). Significant differences in MCCTT were observed among the three study groups (p < 0.0001); the median (IQR) MCCTT being 13.15 (10.24–17.25), 7.26 (6.18–9.17), and 7.24 (5.73–8.73) minutes for current, former and never smokers, respectively. Comparison between current smokers and former smokers was significantly different (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference between former and never smokers. The Saccharin test was well tolerated by all participants. We have shown for the first time high level repeatability in both current and former smokers. Moreover, MCC impairment can be completely reversed, former smokers exhibiting similar STT as never smokers. Measurement of STT is a sensitive biomarker of physiological effect for the detection of early respiratory health changes and may be useful for clinical research.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphys.2020.01109/fullsmokingmucociliary clearance transit timesaccharin testreproducibilityMCC |