Voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through Wnt signaling in mice
Abstract Myelin of the central nervous system exhibits strong plasticity, and skill learning exercise promotes oligodendrogenesis and adaptive myelination. Increasing evidence shows that brain structures and functions are affected by physical activity. However, the impact of voluntary physical activ...
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doaj-3834f78c835648cead7d00f8b5defb8a2020-11-25T03:44:23ZengBMCMolecular Brain1756-66062019-10-0112111010.1186/s13041-019-0506-8Voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through Wnt signaling in miceJian Zheng0Xuan Sun1Chaolin Ma2Bao-ming Li3Fei Luo4Institute of Life Science, Nanchang UniversityInstitute of Life Science, Nanchang UniversityInstitute of Life Science, Nanchang UniversityInstitute of Life Science, Nanchang UniversityInstitute of Life Science, Nanchang UniversityAbstract Myelin of the central nervous system exhibits strong plasticity, and skill learning exercise promotes oligodendrogenesis and adaptive myelination. Increasing evidence shows that brain structures and functions are affected by physical activity. However, the impact of voluntary physical activity on central myelination and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of voluntary wheel running (VWR) on central oligodendrogenesis and adaptive myelination in mice. Adult C57BL/6 J mice were placed in running wheels and allowed for voluntary running 2 weeks. Myelin levels in the central nervous system were detected using western blotting, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemical staining, and electron microscopy. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes (OLs) were detected using immunohistochemical staining and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assays. Motor abilities of the animals were examined using open-field, rotarod running, and beam-walking behavioral paradigms. Vital molecules of Wnt signaling were detected, and the involvement of such molecules was verified using in vitro culture of OPCs. Our results showed that VWR significantly enhanced the myelination in the motor cortex. VWR promoted the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs, and the maturation of OLs. The VWR-regulated myelination was associated with the improved motor skill and decreased mRNA level of Wnt3a/9a, whereas stimulation of Wnt signaling pathway with Wnt3a or Wnt9a suppressed OPCs proliferation and differentiation in vitro. The present study demonstrated that physical activity is highly efficient at promoting myelination in the motor cortex, by enhancing the proliferation of OPCs and accelerating the generation of myelin, providing a step forward in understanding the beneficial effects of physical activity on central myelination and its underlying mechanism.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13041-019-0506-8Voluntary running exerciseOligodendrocyteMyelinationMotor functionsWnt signalingMice |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jian Zheng Xuan Sun Chaolin Ma Bao-ming Li Fei Luo |
spellingShingle |
Jian Zheng Xuan Sun Chaolin Ma Bao-ming Li Fei Luo Voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through Wnt signaling in mice Molecular Brain Voluntary running exercise Oligodendrocyte Myelination Motor functions Wnt signaling Mice |
author_facet |
Jian Zheng Xuan Sun Chaolin Ma Bao-ming Li Fei Luo |
author_sort |
Jian Zheng |
title |
Voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through Wnt signaling in mice |
title_short |
Voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through Wnt signaling in mice |
title_full |
Voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through Wnt signaling in mice |
title_fullStr |
Voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through Wnt signaling in mice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through Wnt signaling in mice |
title_sort |
voluntary wheel running promotes myelination in the motor cortex through wnt signaling in mice |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Molecular Brain |
issn |
1756-6606 |
publishDate |
2019-10-01 |
description |
Abstract Myelin of the central nervous system exhibits strong plasticity, and skill learning exercise promotes oligodendrogenesis and adaptive myelination. Increasing evidence shows that brain structures and functions are affected by physical activity. However, the impact of voluntary physical activity on central myelination and its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of voluntary wheel running (VWR) on central oligodendrogenesis and adaptive myelination in mice. Adult C57BL/6 J mice were placed in running wheels and allowed for voluntary running 2 weeks. Myelin levels in the central nervous system were detected using western blotting, qRT-PCR, immunohistochemical staining, and electron microscopy. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and oligodendrocytes (OLs) were detected using immunohistochemical staining and 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assays. Motor abilities of the animals were examined using open-field, rotarod running, and beam-walking behavioral paradigms. Vital molecules of Wnt signaling were detected, and the involvement of such molecules was verified using in vitro culture of OPCs. Our results showed that VWR significantly enhanced the myelination in the motor cortex. VWR promoted the proliferation and differentiation of OPCs, and the maturation of OLs. The VWR-regulated myelination was associated with the improved motor skill and decreased mRNA level of Wnt3a/9a, whereas stimulation of Wnt signaling pathway with Wnt3a or Wnt9a suppressed OPCs proliferation and differentiation in vitro. The present study demonstrated that physical activity is highly efficient at promoting myelination in the motor cortex, by enhancing the proliferation of OPCs and accelerating the generation of myelin, providing a step forward in understanding the beneficial effects of physical activity on central myelination and its underlying mechanism. |
topic |
Voluntary running exercise Oligodendrocyte Myelination Motor functions Wnt signaling Mice |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13041-019-0506-8 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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