Mediating Role of Firm R&D in Creating Product and Process Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Norway
Government funding actively engages in private R&D investment to enhance firm innovation. At the same time, firms are forced to find additional sources of competitive advantage, e.g., through cooperation based on the triple- or quadruple-helix principles. This paper analyses whether government f...
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doaj-3850959b27d844339a1dbd270ac0af752021-04-09T23:06:40ZengMDPI AGEconomies2227-70992021-04-019565610.3390/economies9020056Mediating Role of Firm R&D in Creating Product and Process Innovation: Empirical Evidence from NorwayYee Yee Sein0Viktor Prokop1Science and Research Centre, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Pardubice, Pardubice 532 10, Czech RepublicScience and Research Centre, Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Pardubice, Pardubice 532 10, Czech RepublicGovernment funding actively engages in private R&D investment to enhance firm innovation. At the same time, firms are forced to find additional sources of competitive advantage, e.g., through cooperation based on the triple- or quadruple-helix principles. This paper analyses whether government funding and cooperation based on the triple-helix and quadruple-helix principles spur firms’ product and process innovation rather directly or indirectly, taking into account the role of firms R&D. For this purpose, we collect data from the Community Innovation Survey and analyse 5045 Norwegian firms by using partial least squares structural equation modelling. Our results confirm hypotheses that public funding and both triple-helix and quadruple-helix cooperation significantly influence firms’ research and development activities. Surprisingly, on the one hand, we showed that neither public funding nor triple- and quadruple-helix cooperation affect firms’ product innovation directly. Moreover, the results show a negative influence of government funding and triple- and quadruple-helix cooperation on Norwegian firms’ product innovation. On the other hand, process innovation is influenced positively and directly by firms’ cooperation based on the triple- and quadruple-helix principles. The results of our analyses clearly show the key role of firm’s R&D, which has proven to be a mediator of the effects of public funding and triple- and quadruple-helix cooperation on the product and process innovation activities of Norwegian firms.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/9/2/56innovationR&Dgovernment fundingcooperationtriple-helixquadruple-helix |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yee Yee Sein Viktor Prokop |
spellingShingle |
Yee Yee Sein Viktor Prokop Mediating Role of Firm R&D in Creating Product and Process Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Norway Economies innovation R&D government funding cooperation triple-helix quadruple-helix |
author_facet |
Yee Yee Sein Viktor Prokop |
author_sort |
Yee Yee Sein |
title |
Mediating Role of Firm R&D in Creating Product and Process Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Norway |
title_short |
Mediating Role of Firm R&D in Creating Product and Process Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Norway |
title_full |
Mediating Role of Firm R&D in Creating Product and Process Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Norway |
title_fullStr |
Mediating Role of Firm R&D in Creating Product and Process Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Norway |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mediating Role of Firm R&D in Creating Product and Process Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Norway |
title_sort |
mediating role of firm r&d in creating product and process innovation: empirical evidence from norway |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Economies |
issn |
2227-7099 |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
Government funding actively engages in private R&D investment to enhance firm innovation. At the same time, firms are forced to find additional sources of competitive advantage, e.g., through cooperation based on the triple- or quadruple-helix principles. This paper analyses whether government funding and cooperation based on the triple-helix and quadruple-helix principles spur firms’ product and process innovation rather directly or indirectly, taking into account the role of firms R&D. For this purpose, we collect data from the Community Innovation Survey and analyse 5045 Norwegian firms by using partial least squares structural equation modelling. Our results confirm hypotheses that public funding and both triple-helix and quadruple-helix cooperation significantly influence firms’ research and development activities. Surprisingly, on the one hand, we showed that neither public funding nor triple- and quadruple-helix cooperation affect firms’ product innovation directly. Moreover, the results show a negative influence of government funding and triple- and quadruple-helix cooperation on Norwegian firms’ product innovation. On the other hand, process innovation is influenced positively and directly by firms’ cooperation based on the triple- and quadruple-helix principles. The results of our analyses clearly show the key role of firm’s R&D, which has proven to be a mediator of the effects of public funding and triple- and quadruple-helix cooperation on the product and process innovation activities of Norwegian firms. |
topic |
innovation R&D government funding cooperation triple-helix quadruple-helix |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7099/9/2/56 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT yeeyeesein mediatingroleoffirmrdincreatingproductandprocessinnovationempiricalevidencefromnorway AT viktorprokop mediatingroleoffirmrdincreatingproductandprocessinnovationempiricalevidencefromnorway |
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