Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Intensive Early Stage Responses of Host Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a widespread outbreak of highly pathogenic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is therefore important and timely to characterize interactions between the virus and host cell at the molecular level to understand its disease p...
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Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-11-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.593857/full |
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doaj-3896e8f3170c4310a6dcf350a2589a23 |
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record_format |
Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jiya Sun Jiya Sun Fei Ye Aiping Wu Aiping Wu Ren Yang Mei Pan Mei Pan Jie Sheng Jie Sheng Wenjie Zhu Wenjie Zhu Longfei Mao Longfei Mao Ming Wang Zanxian Xia Baoying Huang Wenjie Tan Taijiao Jiang Taijiao Jiang |
spellingShingle |
Jiya Sun Jiya Sun Fei Ye Aiping Wu Aiping Wu Ren Yang Mei Pan Mei Pan Jie Sheng Jie Sheng Wenjie Zhu Wenjie Zhu Longfei Mao Longfei Mao Ming Wang Zanxian Xia Baoying Huang Wenjie Tan Taijiao Jiang Taijiao Jiang Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Intensive Early Stage Responses of Host Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection Frontiers in Microbiology SARS-CoV-2 host early response tmprss2 Calu-3 cell time-series transcriptome |
author_facet |
Jiya Sun Jiya Sun Fei Ye Aiping Wu Aiping Wu Ren Yang Mei Pan Mei Pan Jie Sheng Jie Sheng Wenjie Zhu Wenjie Zhu Longfei Mao Longfei Mao Ming Wang Zanxian Xia Baoying Huang Wenjie Tan Taijiao Jiang Taijiao Jiang |
author_sort |
Jiya Sun |
title |
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Intensive Early Stage Responses of Host Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_short |
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Intensive Early Stage Responses of Host Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_full |
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Intensive Early Stage Responses of Host Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_fullStr |
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Intensive Early Stage Responses of Host Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Intensive Early Stage Responses of Host Cells to SARS-CoV-2 Infection |
title_sort |
comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the intensive early stage responses of host cells to sars-cov-2 infection |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Microbiology |
issn |
1664-302X |
publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
description |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a widespread outbreak of highly pathogenic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is therefore important and timely to characterize interactions between the virus and host cell at the molecular level to understand its disease pathogenesis. To gain insights, we performed high-throughput sequencing that generated time-series data simultaneously for bioinformatics analysis of virus genomes and host transcriptomes implicated in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our analysis results showed that the rapid growth of the virus was accompanied by an early intensive response of host genes. We also systematically compared the molecular footprints of the host cells in response to SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Upon infection, SARS-CoV-2 induced hundreds of up-regulated host genes hallmarked by a significant cytokine production, followed by virus-specific host antiviral responses. While the cytokine and antiviral responses triggered by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV were only observed during the late stage of infection, the host antiviral responses during the SARS-CoV-2 infection were gradually enhanced lagging behind the production of cytokine. The early rapid host responses were potentially attributed to the high efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells, underscored by evidence of a remarkably up-regulated gene expression of TPRMSS2 soon after infection. Taken together, our findings provide novel molecular insights into the mechanisms underlying the infectivity and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2. |
topic |
SARS-CoV-2 host early response tmprss2 Calu-3 cell time-series transcriptome |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.593857/full |
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doaj-3896e8f3170c4310a6dcf350a2589a232020-12-08T08:43:14ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2020-11-011110.3389/fmicb.2020.593857593857Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Intensive Early Stage Responses of Host Cells to SARS-CoV-2 InfectionJiya Sun0Jiya Sun1Fei Ye2Aiping Wu3Aiping Wu4Ren Yang5Mei Pan6Mei Pan7Jie Sheng8Jie Sheng9Wenjie Zhu10Wenjie Zhu11Longfei Mao12Longfei Mao13Ming Wang14Zanxian Xia15Baoying Huang16Wenjie Tan17Taijiao Jiang18Taijiao Jiang19Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, ChinaKey Laboratory of Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, ChinaCenter for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, ChinaCenter for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, ChinaCenter for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, ChinaDepartment of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaHunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, ChinaCenter for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaSuzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, ChinaSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a widespread outbreak of highly pathogenic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is therefore important and timely to characterize interactions between the virus and host cell at the molecular level to understand its disease pathogenesis. To gain insights, we performed high-throughput sequencing that generated time-series data simultaneously for bioinformatics analysis of virus genomes and host transcriptomes implicated in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our analysis results showed that the rapid growth of the virus was accompanied by an early intensive response of host genes. We also systematically compared the molecular footprints of the host cells in response to SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Upon infection, SARS-CoV-2 induced hundreds of up-regulated host genes hallmarked by a significant cytokine production, followed by virus-specific host antiviral responses. While the cytokine and antiviral responses triggered by SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV were only observed during the late stage of infection, the host antiviral responses during the SARS-CoV-2 infection were gradually enhanced lagging behind the production of cytokine. The early rapid host responses were potentially attributed to the high efficiency of SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells, underscored by evidence of a remarkably up-regulated gene expression of TPRMSS2 soon after infection. Taken together, our findings provide novel molecular insights into the mechanisms underlying the infectivity and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2020.593857/fullSARS-CoV-2host early responsetmprss2Calu-3 celltime-series transcriptome |