Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Endocrine System
In the current era of effective antiretroviral therapies (ARTs), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection became a chronic disorder that requires long term follow-up. Among other medical issues, these patients may develop endocrine problems, specific to HIV infection and its treatment. The purpo...
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doaj-38a738c495cc4aa7954b77781cfced922020-11-25T01:14:56ZengAcademya Publishing Co.Endocrinology and Metabolism2093-596X2093-59782019-05-013429510510.3803/EnM.2019.34.2.95Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Endocrine SystemDana Zaid0Yona Greenman1Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, .IsraelInstitute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, .IsraelIn the current era of effective antiretroviral therapies (ARTs), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection became a chronic disorder that requires long term follow-up. Among other medical issues, these patients may develop endocrine problems, specific to HIV infection and its treatment. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of common endocrine complications associated with HIV infection, and to propose diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. HIV can affect the endocrine system at several levels. Adrenal and gonadal dysfunction, osteoporosis with increased fracture risk, dyslipidemia with increased cardiovascular risk, are some of the endocrine disorders prevalent in HIV-infected patients that may negatively influence quality of life, and increase morbidity and mortality. While ARTs have dramatically increased life expectancy in the HIV-infected population, they are not devoid of adverse effects, including endocrine dysfunction. Physicians caring for HIV-infected patients should be knowledgeable and exercise a high index of suspicion for the diagnosis of endocrine abnormalities, and in particular be aware of those that can be life threatening. Endocrine evaluation should follow the same strategies as in the general population, including prevention, early detection, and treatment.https://e-enm.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/2008ENM/enm-34-95.pdfHIVAnti-retroviral agentsEndocrine system diseasesHIV-associated lipodystrophy syndromeDiabetes mellitusHyperlipidemiasOsteoporosis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Dana Zaid Yona Greenman |
spellingShingle |
Dana Zaid Yona Greenman Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Endocrine System Endocrinology and Metabolism HIV Anti-retroviral agents Endocrine system diseases HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome Diabetes mellitus Hyperlipidemias Osteoporosis |
author_facet |
Dana Zaid Yona Greenman |
author_sort |
Dana Zaid |
title |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Endocrine System |
title_short |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Endocrine System |
title_full |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Endocrine System |
title_fullStr |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Endocrine System |
title_full_unstemmed |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and the Endocrine System |
title_sort |
human immunodeficiency virus infection and the endocrine system |
publisher |
Academya Publishing Co. |
series |
Endocrinology and Metabolism |
issn |
2093-596X 2093-5978 |
publishDate |
2019-05-01 |
description |
In the current era of effective antiretroviral therapies (ARTs), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection became a chronic disorder that requires long term follow-up. Among other medical issues, these patients may develop endocrine problems, specific to HIV infection and its treatment. The purpose of this review is to give an overview of common endocrine complications associated with HIV infection, and to propose diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. HIV can affect the endocrine system at several levels. Adrenal and gonadal dysfunction, osteoporosis with increased fracture risk, dyslipidemia with increased cardiovascular risk, are some of the endocrine disorders prevalent in HIV-infected patients that may negatively influence quality of life, and increase morbidity and mortality. While ARTs have dramatically increased life expectancy in the HIV-infected population, they are not devoid of adverse effects, including endocrine dysfunction. Physicians caring for HIV-infected patients should be knowledgeable and exercise a high index of suspicion for the diagnosis of endocrine abnormalities, and in particular be aware of those that can be life threatening. Endocrine evaluation should follow the same strategies as in the general population, including prevention, early detection, and treatment. |
topic |
HIV Anti-retroviral agents Endocrine system diseases HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome Diabetes mellitus Hyperlipidemias Osteoporosis |
url |
https://e-enm.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/2008ENM/enm-34-95.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT danazaid humanimmunodeficiencyvirusinfectionandtheendocrinesystem AT yonagreenman humanimmunodeficiencyvirusinfectionandtheendocrinesystem |
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