Polycarboxylated Eggshell Membrane Scaffold as Template for Calcium Carbonate Mineralization
Biomineralization is a process in which specialized cells secrete and deliver inorganic ions into confined spaces limited by organic matrices or scaffolds. Chicken eggshell is the fastest biomineralization system on earth, and therefore, it is a good experimental model for the study of biomineraliza...
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doaj-38ed997173cb4fbd8e6d3f35e413c5442020-11-25T03:11:49ZengMDPI AGCrystals2073-43522020-09-011079779710.3390/cryst10090797Polycarboxylated Eggshell Membrane Scaffold as Template for Calcium Carbonate MineralizationJosé L. Arias0Karla Silva1Andrónico Neira-Carrillo2Liliana Ortiz3José Ignacio Arias4Nicole Butto5María Soledad Fernández6Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, ChileFaculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, ChileFaculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, ChileFaculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, ChileFaculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, ChileFaculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, ChileFaculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 8820808, ChileBiomineralization is a process in which specialized cells secrete and deliver inorganic ions into confined spaces limited by organic matrices or scaffolds. Chicken eggshell is the fastest biomineralization system on earth, and therefore, it is a good experimental model for the study of biomineralization. Eggshell mineralization starts on specialized dispersed sites of the soft fibrillar eggshell membranes referred to as negatively charged keratan sulfate mammillae. However, the rest of the fibrillar eggshell membranes never mineralizes, although 21% of their amino acids are acidic. We hypothesized that, relative to the mammillae, the negatively charged amino acids of the fibrillar eggshell membranes are not competitive enough to promote calcite nucleation and growth. To test this hypothesis, we experimentally increased the number of negatively charged carboxylate groups on the eggshell membrane fibers and compared it with in vitro calcite deposition of isolated intact eggshell membranes. We conclude that the addition of poly-carboxylated groups onto eggshell membranes increases the number of surface nucleation sites but not the crystal size.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/9/797eggshell mineralizationpoly-glutamic acid |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
José L. Arias Karla Silva Andrónico Neira-Carrillo Liliana Ortiz José Ignacio Arias Nicole Butto María Soledad Fernández |
spellingShingle |
José L. Arias Karla Silva Andrónico Neira-Carrillo Liliana Ortiz José Ignacio Arias Nicole Butto María Soledad Fernández Polycarboxylated Eggshell Membrane Scaffold as Template for Calcium Carbonate Mineralization Crystals eggshell mineralization poly-glutamic acid |
author_facet |
José L. Arias Karla Silva Andrónico Neira-Carrillo Liliana Ortiz José Ignacio Arias Nicole Butto María Soledad Fernández |
author_sort |
José L. Arias |
title |
Polycarboxylated Eggshell Membrane Scaffold as Template for Calcium Carbonate Mineralization |
title_short |
Polycarboxylated Eggshell Membrane Scaffold as Template for Calcium Carbonate Mineralization |
title_full |
Polycarboxylated Eggshell Membrane Scaffold as Template for Calcium Carbonate Mineralization |
title_fullStr |
Polycarboxylated Eggshell Membrane Scaffold as Template for Calcium Carbonate Mineralization |
title_full_unstemmed |
Polycarboxylated Eggshell Membrane Scaffold as Template for Calcium Carbonate Mineralization |
title_sort |
polycarboxylated eggshell membrane scaffold as template for calcium carbonate mineralization |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Crystals |
issn |
2073-4352 |
publishDate |
2020-09-01 |
description |
Biomineralization is a process in which specialized cells secrete and deliver inorganic ions into confined spaces limited by organic matrices or scaffolds. Chicken eggshell is the fastest biomineralization system on earth, and therefore, it is a good experimental model for the study of biomineralization. Eggshell mineralization starts on specialized dispersed sites of the soft fibrillar eggshell membranes referred to as negatively charged keratan sulfate mammillae. However, the rest of the fibrillar eggshell membranes never mineralizes, although 21% of their amino acids are acidic. We hypothesized that, relative to the mammillae, the negatively charged amino acids of the fibrillar eggshell membranes are not competitive enough to promote calcite nucleation and growth. To test this hypothesis, we experimentally increased the number of negatively charged carboxylate groups on the eggshell membrane fibers and compared it with in vitro calcite deposition of isolated intact eggshell membranes. We conclude that the addition of poly-carboxylated groups onto eggshell membranes increases the number of surface nucleation sites but not the crystal size. |
topic |
eggshell mineralization poly-glutamic acid |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4352/10/9/797 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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