Biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of injectable bone xenograft, hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite-chitosan on osteoblast culture

• Main Authors: Bachtiar EW, Bachtiar BM, Abas B, Harsas NA, Sadaqah NF, Aprilia R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Universitas Airlangga 2010-12-01
• Series: Dental Journal: Majalah Kedokteran Gigi
• Subjects: Injectable bone xenograft; injectable hydroxyapatite; injectable hydroxyapatite-chitosan; osteoblast; osteoblas
• Online Access: http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/index.php/MKG/article/view/894

<p><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Background: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Bone graft in the form of injectable paste gives several advantages over the powder form as it could be placed in the defect </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>area that has limited accessibility. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Purpose: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>The purpose of this study was to assess biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of an injectable </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bone xenograft (IBX), injectable hydroxyapatite (IHA) and injectable hydroxyapatite-chitosan (IHA-C) on osteoblastic cell line (MG-63). </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Methods: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Three concentrations (0.25%, 0.5% and 1.0%) of IBX, IHA and IHA-C were supplemented with DMEM culture medium. The </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>viability cells were measured by MTT assay 4 hour after incubation. ALP activity was measured at day 1, 3, 5 and 7. Calcium deposition </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>was tested at day 3 and day 7 by means of Von Kossa staining. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Results: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>MTT assay showed that the viability cells of all the test groups were </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>above 100% compared to the control group. The cell viability of the 0.25% IHA paste was significantly higher (115.02% ± 4.37%, p &lt; 0.05) </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>compared with IBX paste and IHA-C in all concentrations tested. The highest level of ALP secretion of all test groups was found on the fifth </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>day of exposure. The highest level of ALP in the IBX paste group was 0.25% concentration while the highest level of ALP in the IHA-C and </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>IHA paste group was 1% and 0.25%, respectively. In addition, the highest calcium deposition was shown on IHA 1% at day 7 (p &gt; 0.05). </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>It was suggested that adequate biocompatibility and osteoconductivity was evident for all injectable pastes tested.</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Latar belakang: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Bahan tandur tulang dalam bentuk pasta injeksi memiliki kelebihan dibandingkan bila bahan tersebut berupa </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>bubuk, karena lebih mudah diaplikasikan pada daerah yang sulit dijangkau. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Tujuan: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati sifat </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>biokompatibilitas dan osteokonduktifitas biomaterial tandur tulang dalam bentuk injectable bone xenograft (IBX), injectable hydroxyapatite </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>(IHA) dan injectable hydroxyapatite-chitosan (IHA-C) pada galur sel osteoblas (MG-63). </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Metode: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Bahan tandur tulang IBX, IHA and </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>IHA-C masing-masing dengan konsentrasi 0,25%, 0,5% dan 1,0% dipaparkan dalam larutan medium kultur sel DMEM yang telah disebari </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>sel MG 63. Selanjutnya setelah 4 jam inkubasi maka viabilitas sel diukur dengan cara uji MTT, sedangkan aktifitas fosfatase alkali (ALP) </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>diukur pada hari ke-1 (24 jam), hari ke-3, 5 dan 7. Deposisi kalsium diukur pada hari ke-3 dan ke-7 dengan metoda pewarnaan Von Kossa. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Hasil: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Uji MTT menunjukkan bahwa pemberian semua jenis bahan pasta injeksi tandur tulang meningkat di atas 100% dibandingkan </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>kontrol. Viabilitas sel pada pemberian 0,25% pasta IHA tampak paling tinggi dibandingkan pasta IBX dan IHA-C pada semua konsentrasi </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>yang diuji. Sekresi ALP tertinggi pada semua kelompok eksperimen terjadi pada hari ke lima setelah paparan bahan injeksi tandur tulang. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Sekresi ALP tertinggi pada tiap jenis pasta terjadi pada pemberian IBX 0,25%, IHA-C 1% dan IHA 0.25%. Sedangkan deposisi kalsium </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>tertinggi terjadi pada pemberian 1% IHA setelah 7 hari kultur sel. </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Bold; font-size: 10pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><strong>Kesimpulan: </strong><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>Semua bahan injeksi tandur tulang yang diuji pada kultur </em><span style="font-family: Tribune-Italic; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;"><em>osteoblas bersifat biokompatibel dan berpotensi osteokonduktif</em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></em></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>