The Number of Comorbidities Predicts Renal Outcomes in Patients with Stage 3–5 Chronic Kidney Disease

• Main Authors: Wen-Chin Lee, Yueh-Ting Lee, Lung-Chih Li, Hwee-Yeong Ng, Wei-Hung Kuo, Pei-Ting Lin, Ying-Chun Liao, Terry Ting-Yu Chiou, Chien-Te Lee
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2018-11-01
• Series: Journal of Clinical Medicine
• Subjects: chronic kidney disease; multimorbidity; renal outcomes
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/7/12/493

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health threat affecting approximately 10% of the adult population worldwide. Multimorbidity is common in CKD, but its impacts on disease outcomes are seldom investigated. Methods: This prospective cohort analysis followed patients, who were part of a multidisciplinary CKD care program, for 10 years. We aimed to determine the impact of multimorbidity on renal outcomes. Results: Overall, 1463 patients with stage 3⁻5 CKD were enrolled and stratified by the number of comorbidities. Mean follow-up time was 6.39 ± 1.19 years. We found that stage 3⁻5 CKD patients with at least three comorbidities at enrollment initiated dialysis earlier (hazard ratio (HR): 2.971) than patients without comorbidities. Risk factors for multimorbidity included old age, smoking, and proteinuria. Conclusions: By analyzing the number of comorbidities, a simple and readily applicable method, we demonstrated an association between multimorbidity and poor renal outcomes in stage 3⁻5 CKD patients. In addition to current guideline-based approaches, our results suggest an urgent need for tailored CKD care strategies for high-risk groups.