| Summary: | Shan Yu,1 Yan Wang,1 Xi Cheng,2 Minzhi Lv,3 Yuehong Cui,1 Wei Li,1 Yiyi Yu,1 Qian Li,1 Tianshu Liu1,4 1Department of Medical Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Biostatistics, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Tianshu Liu Department of Medical OncologyCenter of Evidence-Based Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail liu.tianshu@zs-hospital.sh.cnIntroduction: To compare the prognosis of adjuvant SOX (S-1 and oxaliplatin) vs XELOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) chemotherapy in Chinese patients with gastric cancer (GC) after D2 gastrectomy.Methods: This was a real-world study of patients with GC (stages II–III) who underwent D2 gastrectomy and received adjuvant SOX or XELOX between 01/2010 and 06/2017 in Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University. The patients were matched by propensity score matching. The primary and secondary endpoints were disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), respectively. Adverse events (AEs) were compared.Results: A total of 552 patients were included. The median follow-up time was 24.9 months. There were no differences in DFS (median, 44.4 vs 41.2 months; HR=1.17, 95% CI: 0.92– 1.48) and OS (median, 61.5 vs 65.3 months; HR=1.01, 95% CI: 0.73– 1.39) between the XELOX and SOX groups. Both DFS and OS had no significant differences between SOX and XELOX for all subgroups based on sex (P=0.949, P=0.990), age (P=0.303, P=0.392), Lauren type (P=0.362, P=0.573), type of gastrectomy (P=0.607 P=0.989), and pathological TNM stage (P=0.899, P=0.888). A total of 86 patients in the SOX subgroup (34.2%) experienced AEs, similar to the rate found in the XELOX subgroup (104 patients or 41.4%; P=0.098).Discussion: The results suggested that adjuvant SOX chemotherapy has similar survival benefits compared to XELOX chemotherapy in Chinese patients with pathological stage II or III GC after D2 gastrectomy.Keywords: gastric cancer, gastrectomy, adjuvant chemotherapy, capecitabine, oxaliplatin, S-1, XELOX
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