Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of alendronate-conjugated nanodiamonds for potential osteoporosis treatment
Abstract Background Alendronate (Alen) is promising material used for bone-targeted drug delivery due to its high bone affinity and therapeutic effects on bone diseases. In addition, Alen can enhance the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblastic cell. Recently, nanodiamonds (NDs) with hardness, non...
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
BMC
2021-09-01
|
Series: | Biomaterials Research |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-021-00231-9 |
id |
doaj-3a083a1ef41e4351a9c6951ee08fa295 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-3a083a1ef41e4351a9c6951ee08fa2952021-09-26T11:07:24ZengBMCBiomaterials Research2055-71242021-09-0125111110.1186/s40824-021-00231-9Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of alendronate-conjugated nanodiamonds for potential osteoporosis treatmentGuk Young Ahn0Sung-Eun Kim1Tae Hoon Yun2Inseong Choi3Daewon Park4Sung-Wook Choi5Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of KoreaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Medical Centre, Guro HospitalBiomedical and Chemical Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of KoreaBiomedical and Chemical Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of KoreaDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Colorado DenverBiomedical and Chemical Engineering, Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of KoreaAbstract Background Alendronate (Alen) is promising material used for bone-targeted drug delivery due to its high bone affinity and therapeutic effects on bone diseases. In addition, Alen can enhance the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblastic cell. Recently, nanodiamonds (NDs) with hardness, non-toxicity, and excellent biocompatibility are employed as promising materials for carrier systems and osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, we prepared Alen-conjugated NDs (Alen-NDs) and evaluated their osteogenic differentiation performances. Methods Alen-NDs were synthesized using DMTMM as a coupling reagent. Morphological change of Mouse calvaria-derived preosteoblast (MC3T3-E1) treated with Alen-NDs was observed using the confocal microscope. The osteogenic differentiation was confirmed by cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium deposition, and real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Results Alen-NDs were prepared to evaluate their effect on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. The Alen-NDs had a size of about 100 nm, and no cytotoxicity at less than 100 μg/mL of concentration. The treatment of NDs and Alen-NDs reduced the proliferation rate of MC3T3-E1 cells without cell death. Confocal microscopy images confirmed that the treatment of NDs and Alen-NDs changed the cellular morphology from a fibroblastic shape to a cuboidal shape. Flow cytometry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the higher differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells treated by Alen-NDs, compared to the groups treated by osteogenic medium and NDs. The higher concentration of Alen-ND treated in MC3T3-E1 resulted in a higher differentiation level. Conclusions Alen-NDs can be used as potential therapeutic agents for osteoporosis treatment by inducing osteogenic differentiation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-021-00231-9AlendronateNanodiamondProliferationOsteogenic differentiation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Guk Young Ahn Sung-Eun Kim Tae Hoon Yun Inseong Choi Daewon Park Sung-Wook Choi |
spellingShingle |
Guk Young Ahn Sung-Eun Kim Tae Hoon Yun Inseong Choi Daewon Park Sung-Wook Choi Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of alendronate-conjugated nanodiamonds for potential osteoporosis treatment Biomaterials Research Alendronate Nanodiamond Proliferation Osteogenic differentiation |
author_facet |
Guk Young Ahn Sung-Eun Kim Tae Hoon Yun Inseong Choi Daewon Park Sung-Wook Choi |
author_sort |
Guk Young Ahn |
title |
Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of alendronate-conjugated nanodiamonds for potential osteoporosis treatment |
title_short |
Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of alendronate-conjugated nanodiamonds for potential osteoporosis treatment |
title_full |
Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of alendronate-conjugated nanodiamonds for potential osteoporosis treatment |
title_fullStr |
Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of alendronate-conjugated nanodiamonds for potential osteoporosis treatment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Enhanced osteogenic differentiation of alendronate-conjugated nanodiamonds for potential osteoporosis treatment |
title_sort |
enhanced osteogenic differentiation of alendronate-conjugated nanodiamonds for potential osteoporosis treatment |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Biomaterials Research |
issn |
2055-7124 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Alendronate (Alen) is promising material used for bone-targeted drug delivery due to its high bone affinity and therapeutic effects on bone diseases. In addition, Alen can enhance the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblastic cell. Recently, nanodiamonds (NDs) with hardness, non-toxicity, and excellent biocompatibility are employed as promising materials for carrier systems and osteogenic differentiation. Therefore, we prepared Alen-conjugated NDs (Alen-NDs) and evaluated their osteogenic differentiation performances. Methods Alen-NDs were synthesized using DMTMM as a coupling reagent. Morphological change of Mouse calvaria-derived preosteoblast (MC3T3-E1) treated with Alen-NDs was observed using the confocal microscope. The osteogenic differentiation was confirmed by cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), calcium deposition, and real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Results Alen-NDs were prepared to evaluate their effect on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. The Alen-NDs had a size of about 100 nm, and no cytotoxicity at less than 100 μg/mL of concentration. The treatment of NDs and Alen-NDs reduced the proliferation rate of MC3T3-E1 cells without cell death. Confocal microscopy images confirmed that the treatment of NDs and Alen-NDs changed the cellular morphology from a fibroblastic shape to a cuboidal shape. Flow cytometry, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) confirmed the higher differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells treated by Alen-NDs, compared to the groups treated by osteogenic medium and NDs. The higher concentration of Alen-ND treated in MC3T3-E1 resulted in a higher differentiation level. Conclusions Alen-NDs can be used as potential therapeutic agents for osteoporosis treatment by inducing osteogenic differentiation. |
topic |
Alendronate Nanodiamond Proliferation Osteogenic differentiation |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-021-00231-9 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT gukyoungahn enhancedosteogenicdifferentiationofalendronateconjugatednanodiamondsforpotentialosteoporosistreatment AT sungeunkim enhancedosteogenicdifferentiationofalendronateconjugatednanodiamondsforpotentialosteoporosistreatment AT taehoonyun enhancedosteogenicdifferentiationofalendronateconjugatednanodiamondsforpotentialosteoporosistreatment AT inseongchoi enhancedosteogenicdifferentiationofalendronateconjugatednanodiamondsforpotentialosteoporosistreatment AT daewonpark enhancedosteogenicdifferentiationofalendronateconjugatednanodiamondsforpotentialosteoporosistreatment AT sungwookchoi enhancedosteogenicdifferentiationofalendronateconjugatednanodiamondsforpotentialosteoporosistreatment |
_version_ |
1716868151208050688 |