Effects of acids pre-treatment on the microbial fermentation process for bioethanol production from microalgae
Abstract Background Microalgae are one of the promising feedstock that consists of high carbohydrate content which can be converted into bioethanol. Pre-treatment is one of the critical steps required to release fermentable sugars to be used in the microbial fermentation process. In this study, the...
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doaj-3a26f12a336640e9b9d4e9ac02bdd7952020-11-25T04:04:02ZengBMCBiotechnology for Biofuels1754-68342019-07-011211810.1186/s13068-019-1533-5Effects of acids pre-treatment on the microbial fermentation process for bioethanol production from microalgaeChai Kee Phwan0Kit Wayne Chew1Abdi Hanra Sebayang2Hwai Chyuan Ong3Tau Chuan Ling4Marlinda Abdul Malek5Yeek-Chia Ho6Pau Loke Show7Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of MalayaDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham MalaysiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of MalayaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of MalayaInstitute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of MalayaInstitute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), Universiti Tenaga NasionalCivil and Environmental Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONASDepartment of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham MalaysiaAbstract Background Microalgae are one of the promising feedstock that consists of high carbohydrate content which can be converted into bioethanol. Pre-treatment is one of the critical steps required to release fermentable sugars to be used in the microbial fermentation process. In this study, the reducing sugar concentration of Chlorella species was investigated by pre-treating the biomass with dilute sulfuric acid and acetic acid at different concentrations 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9% (v/v). Results 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method, FTIR, and GC-FID were employed to evaluate the reducing sugar concentration, functional groups of alcohol bonds and concentration of bioethanol, respectively. The two-way ANOVA results (p < 0.05) indicated that there was a significant difference in the concentration and type of acids towards bioethanol production. The highest bioethanol yield obtained was 0.28 g ethanol/g microalgae which was found in microalgae sample pre-treated with 5% (v/v) sulfuric acid while 0.23 g ethanol/g microalgal biomass was presented in microalgae sample pre-treated with 5% (v/v) acetic acid. Conclusion The application of acid pre-treatment on microalgae for bioethanol production will contribute to higher effectiveness and lower energy consumption compared to other pre-treatment methods. The findings from this study are essential for the commercial production of bioethanol from microalgae.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13068-019-1533-5BioethanolFermentationMicroalgaePre-treatmentReducing sugar concentration |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Chai Kee Phwan Kit Wayne Chew Abdi Hanra Sebayang Hwai Chyuan Ong Tau Chuan Ling Marlinda Abdul Malek Yeek-Chia Ho Pau Loke Show |
spellingShingle |
Chai Kee Phwan Kit Wayne Chew Abdi Hanra Sebayang Hwai Chyuan Ong Tau Chuan Ling Marlinda Abdul Malek Yeek-Chia Ho Pau Loke Show Effects of acids pre-treatment on the microbial fermentation process for bioethanol production from microalgae Biotechnology for Biofuels Bioethanol Fermentation Microalgae Pre-treatment Reducing sugar concentration |
author_facet |
Chai Kee Phwan Kit Wayne Chew Abdi Hanra Sebayang Hwai Chyuan Ong Tau Chuan Ling Marlinda Abdul Malek Yeek-Chia Ho Pau Loke Show |
author_sort |
Chai Kee Phwan |
title |
Effects of acids pre-treatment on the microbial fermentation process for bioethanol production from microalgae |
title_short |
Effects of acids pre-treatment on the microbial fermentation process for bioethanol production from microalgae |
title_full |
Effects of acids pre-treatment on the microbial fermentation process for bioethanol production from microalgae |
title_fullStr |
Effects of acids pre-treatment on the microbial fermentation process for bioethanol production from microalgae |
title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of acids pre-treatment on the microbial fermentation process for bioethanol production from microalgae |
title_sort |
effects of acids pre-treatment on the microbial fermentation process for bioethanol production from microalgae |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
Biotechnology for Biofuels |
issn |
1754-6834 |
publishDate |
2019-07-01 |
description |
Abstract Background Microalgae are one of the promising feedstock that consists of high carbohydrate content which can be converted into bioethanol. Pre-treatment is one of the critical steps required to release fermentable sugars to be used in the microbial fermentation process. In this study, the reducing sugar concentration of Chlorella species was investigated by pre-treating the biomass with dilute sulfuric acid and acetic acid at different concentrations 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 9% (v/v). Results 3,5-Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method, FTIR, and GC-FID were employed to evaluate the reducing sugar concentration, functional groups of alcohol bonds and concentration of bioethanol, respectively. The two-way ANOVA results (p < 0.05) indicated that there was a significant difference in the concentration and type of acids towards bioethanol production. The highest bioethanol yield obtained was 0.28 g ethanol/g microalgae which was found in microalgae sample pre-treated with 5% (v/v) sulfuric acid while 0.23 g ethanol/g microalgal biomass was presented in microalgae sample pre-treated with 5% (v/v) acetic acid. Conclusion The application of acid pre-treatment on microalgae for bioethanol production will contribute to higher effectiveness and lower energy consumption compared to other pre-treatment methods. The findings from this study are essential for the commercial production of bioethanol from microalgae. |
topic |
Bioethanol Fermentation Microalgae Pre-treatment Reducing sugar concentration |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13068-019-1533-5 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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