Deterministic positioning of nanophotonic waveguides around single self-assembled quantum dots
The capability to embed self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) at predefined positions in nanophotonic structures is key to the development of complex quantum-photonic architectures. Here, we demonstrate that QDs can be deterministically positioned in nanophotonic waveguides by pre-locating QDs relative...
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doaj-3a61e9249c1d43cc955754c749ad471e2020-11-25T02:51:50ZengAIP Publishing LLCAPL Photonics2378-09672020-08-0158086101086101-1110.1063/1.5117888Deterministic positioning of nanophotonic waveguides around single self-assembled quantum dotsT. Pregnolato0X.-L. Chu1T. Schröder2R. Schott3A. D. Wieck4A. Ludwig5P. Lodahl6N. Rotenberg7Center for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkCenter for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkCenter for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkLehrstuhl für Angewandte Festkörperphysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, GermanyLehrstuhl für Angewandte Festkörperphysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, GermanyLehrstuhl für Angewandte Festkörperphysik, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, GermanyCenter for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkCenter for Hybrid Quantum Networks (Hy-Q), Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 17, DK-2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkThe capability to embed self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) at predefined positions in nanophotonic structures is key to the development of complex quantum-photonic architectures. Here, we demonstrate that QDs can be deterministically positioned in nanophotonic waveguides by pre-locating QDs relative to a global reference frame using micro-photoluminescence (μPL) spectroscopy. After nanofabrication, μPL images reveal misalignments between the central axis of the waveguide and the embedded QD of only (9 ± 46) nm and (1 ± 33) nm for QDs embedded in undoped and doped membranes, respectively. A priori knowledge of the QD positions allows us to study the spectral changes introduced by nanofabrication. We record average spectral shifts ranging from 0.1 nm to 1.1 nm, indicating that the fabrication-induced shifts can generally be compensated by electrical or thermal tuning of the QDs. Finally, we quantify the effects of the nanofabrication on the polarizability, the permanent dipole moment, and the emission frequency at vanishing electric field of different QD charge states, finding that these changes are constant down to QD-surface separations of only 70 nm. Consequently, our approach deterministically integrates QDs into nanophotonic waveguides whose light-fields contain nanoscale structure and whose group index varies at the nanometer level.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5117888 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
T. Pregnolato X.-L. Chu T. Schröder R. Schott A. D. Wieck A. Ludwig P. Lodahl N. Rotenberg |
spellingShingle |
T. Pregnolato X.-L. Chu T. Schröder R. Schott A. D. Wieck A. Ludwig P. Lodahl N. Rotenberg Deterministic positioning of nanophotonic waveguides around single self-assembled quantum dots APL Photonics |
author_facet |
T. Pregnolato X.-L. Chu T. Schröder R. Schott A. D. Wieck A. Ludwig P. Lodahl N. Rotenberg |
author_sort |
T. Pregnolato |
title |
Deterministic positioning of nanophotonic waveguides around single self-assembled quantum dots |
title_short |
Deterministic positioning of nanophotonic waveguides around single self-assembled quantum dots |
title_full |
Deterministic positioning of nanophotonic waveguides around single self-assembled quantum dots |
title_fullStr |
Deterministic positioning of nanophotonic waveguides around single self-assembled quantum dots |
title_full_unstemmed |
Deterministic positioning of nanophotonic waveguides around single self-assembled quantum dots |
title_sort |
deterministic positioning of nanophotonic waveguides around single self-assembled quantum dots |
publisher |
AIP Publishing LLC |
series |
APL Photonics |
issn |
2378-0967 |
publishDate |
2020-08-01 |
description |
The capability to embed self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) at predefined positions in nanophotonic structures is key to the development of complex quantum-photonic architectures. Here, we demonstrate that QDs can be deterministically positioned in nanophotonic waveguides by pre-locating QDs relative to a global reference frame using micro-photoluminescence (μPL) spectroscopy. After nanofabrication, μPL images reveal misalignments between the central axis of the waveguide and the embedded QD of only (9 ± 46) nm and (1 ± 33) nm for QDs embedded in undoped and doped membranes, respectively. A priori knowledge of the QD positions allows us to study the spectral changes introduced by nanofabrication. We record average spectral shifts ranging from 0.1 nm to 1.1 nm, indicating that the fabrication-induced shifts can generally be compensated by electrical or thermal tuning of the QDs. Finally, we quantify the effects of the nanofabrication on the polarizability, the permanent dipole moment, and the emission frequency at vanishing electric field of different QD charge states, finding that these changes are constant down to QD-surface separations of only 70 nm. Consequently, our approach deterministically integrates QDs into nanophotonic waveguides whose light-fields contain nanoscale structure and whose group index varies at the nanometer level. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5117888 |
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