Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting from forceful impacts on the torso and head has been of major interest because of the prevalence of such injuries in military personnel, contact sports and the elderly. Cognitive and behavioral changes associated with TBI are also seen following whole brain rad...
Main Authors: | , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-04-01
|
Series: | Brain Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/9/5/97 |
id |
doaj-3a9a3c66a0044f63b6295df85a75fd2c |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-3a9a3c66a0044f63b6295df85a75fd2c2020-11-25T00:50:36ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252019-04-01959710.3390/brainsci9050097brainsci9050097Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain InjuryAndrew Jonathan Huang0David Kornguth1Steven Kornguth2University of Wisconsin Hospital, Madison, WI 53726; USAGolden Gate Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94107, USADell Medical School, The University of Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78701, USATraumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting from forceful impacts on the torso and head has been of major interest because of the prevalence of such injuries in military personnel, contact sports and the elderly. Cognitive and behavioral changes associated with TBI are also seen following whole brain radiation treatment for cancer and chemotherapy for disseminated tumors. The biological mechanisms involved in the initiation of TBI from impact, radiation, and chemotherapy to loss of cognitive function have several shared characteristics including increases in blood brain barrier permeability, blood vessel density, increases in inflammatory and autoimmune responses, alterations in NMDA and glutamate receptor levels and release of proteins normally sequestered in the brain into the blood and spinal fluid. The development of therapeutic agents that mitigate the loss of cognition and development of behavioral disorders in patients experiencing radiation-induced injury may provide benefit to those with TBI when similar processes are involved on a cellular or molecular level. Increased collaborative efforts between the radiation oncology and the neurology and psychiatry communities may be of major benefit for the management of brain injury from varied environmental insults.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/9/5/97radiation induced brain injurytraumatic brain injurycognitive lossinflammatory responseimmune factorsreceptor changesblood brain barrier |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Andrew Jonathan Huang David Kornguth Steven Kornguth |
spellingShingle |
Andrew Jonathan Huang David Kornguth Steven Kornguth Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury Brain Sciences radiation induced brain injury traumatic brain injury cognitive loss inflammatory response immune factors receptor changes blood brain barrier |
author_facet |
Andrew Jonathan Huang David Kornguth Steven Kornguth |
author_sort |
Andrew Jonathan Huang |
title |
Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_short |
Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_full |
Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_fullStr |
Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cognitive Decline Secondary to Therapeutic Brain Radiation—Similarities and Differences to Traumatic Brain Injury |
title_sort |
cognitive decline secondary to therapeutic brain radiation—similarities and differences to traumatic brain injury |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Brain Sciences |
issn |
2076-3425 |
publishDate |
2019-04-01 |
description |
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) resulting from forceful impacts on the torso and head has been of major interest because of the prevalence of such injuries in military personnel, contact sports and the elderly. Cognitive and behavioral changes associated with TBI are also seen following whole brain radiation treatment for cancer and chemotherapy for disseminated tumors. The biological mechanisms involved in the initiation of TBI from impact, radiation, and chemotherapy to loss of cognitive function have several shared characteristics including increases in blood brain barrier permeability, blood vessel density, increases in inflammatory and autoimmune responses, alterations in NMDA and glutamate receptor levels and release of proteins normally sequestered in the brain into the blood and spinal fluid. The development of therapeutic agents that mitigate the loss of cognition and development of behavioral disorders in patients experiencing radiation-induced injury may provide benefit to those with TBI when similar processes are involved on a cellular or molecular level. Increased collaborative efforts between the radiation oncology and the neurology and psychiatry communities may be of major benefit for the management of brain injury from varied environmental insults. |
topic |
radiation induced brain injury traumatic brain injury cognitive loss inflammatory response immune factors receptor changes blood brain barrier |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/9/5/97 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT andrewjonathanhuang cognitivedeclinesecondarytotherapeuticbrainradiationsimilaritiesanddifferencestotraumaticbraininjury AT davidkornguth cognitivedeclinesecondarytotherapeuticbrainradiationsimilaritiesanddifferencestotraumaticbraininjury AT stevenkornguth cognitivedeclinesecondarytotherapeuticbrainradiationsimilaritiesanddifferencestotraumaticbraininjury |
_version_ |
1725247611457241088 |