Dopamine Treatment and Cognitive Functioning in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: The “Cognitive Flexibility” Hypothesis Seems to Work
Background. Previous data suggest that (i) dopamine modulates the ability to implement nonroutine schemata and update operations (flexibility processes) and that (ii) dopamine-related improvement may be related to baseline dopamine levels in target pathways (inverted U-shaped hypothesis). Objective....
Main Authors: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Hindawi Limited
2014-01-01
|
Series: | Behavioural Neurology |
Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/260896 |
id |
doaj-3ab4a7ca432042b89127d1420e9d68e9 |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-3ab4a7ca432042b89127d1420e9d68e92021-07-02T04:13:07ZengHindawi LimitedBehavioural Neurology0953-41801875-85842014-01-01201410.1155/2014/260896260896Dopamine Treatment and Cognitive Functioning in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: The “Cognitive Flexibility” Hypothesis Seems to WorkAlberto Costa0Antonella Peppe1Ilenia Mazzù2Mariachiara Longarzo3Carlo Caltagirone4Giovanni A. Carlesimo5I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, ItalyI.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, ItalyI.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, ItalyI.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, ItalyI.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, ItalyI.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, ItalyBackground. Previous data suggest that (i) dopamine modulates the ability to implement nonroutine schemata and update operations (flexibility processes) and that (ii) dopamine-related improvement may be related to baseline dopamine levels in target pathways (inverted U-shaped hypothesis). Objective. To investigate above hypotheses in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods. Twenty PD patients were administered tasks varying as to flexibility load in two treatment conditions: (i) “off” condition, about 18 hours after dopamine dose and (ii) “on” condition, after dopamine administration. PD patients were separated into two groups: low performers (i.e., performance on Digit Span Backward below the sample mean) and high performers (i.e., performance above the mean). Twenty healthy individuals performed the tasks in two sessions without taking drugs. Results. Passing from the “off” to the “on” state, only low performer PD patients significantly improved their performance on high-flexibility measures (interference condition of the Stroop test; P<0.05); no significant effect was found on low-flexibility tasks. Conclusions. These findings document that high-flexibility processes are sensitive to dopamine neuromodulation in the early phases of PD. This is in line with the hypothesis that striatal dopamine pathways, affected early by PD, are precociously implicated in the expression of cognitive disorders in these individuals.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/260896 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alberto Costa Antonella Peppe Ilenia Mazzù Mariachiara Longarzo Carlo Caltagirone Giovanni A. Carlesimo |
spellingShingle |
Alberto Costa Antonella Peppe Ilenia Mazzù Mariachiara Longarzo Carlo Caltagirone Giovanni A. Carlesimo Dopamine Treatment and Cognitive Functioning in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: The “Cognitive Flexibility” Hypothesis Seems to Work Behavioural Neurology |
author_facet |
Alberto Costa Antonella Peppe Ilenia Mazzù Mariachiara Longarzo Carlo Caltagirone Giovanni A. Carlesimo |
author_sort |
Alberto Costa |
title |
Dopamine Treatment and Cognitive Functioning in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: The “Cognitive Flexibility” Hypothesis Seems to Work |
title_short |
Dopamine Treatment and Cognitive Functioning in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: The “Cognitive Flexibility” Hypothesis Seems to Work |
title_full |
Dopamine Treatment and Cognitive Functioning in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: The “Cognitive Flexibility” Hypothesis Seems to Work |
title_fullStr |
Dopamine Treatment and Cognitive Functioning in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: The “Cognitive Flexibility” Hypothesis Seems to Work |
title_full_unstemmed |
Dopamine Treatment and Cognitive Functioning in Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: The “Cognitive Flexibility” Hypothesis Seems to Work |
title_sort |
dopamine treatment and cognitive functioning in individuals with parkinson’s disease: the “cognitive flexibility” hypothesis seems to work |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Behavioural Neurology |
issn |
0953-4180 1875-8584 |
publishDate |
2014-01-01 |
description |
Background. Previous data suggest that (i) dopamine modulates the ability to implement nonroutine schemata and update operations (flexibility processes) and that (ii) dopamine-related improvement may be related to baseline dopamine levels in target pathways (inverted U-shaped hypothesis). Objective. To investigate above hypotheses in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods. Twenty PD patients were administered tasks varying as to flexibility load in two treatment conditions: (i) “off” condition, about 18 hours after dopamine dose and (ii) “on” condition, after dopamine administration. PD patients were separated into two groups: low performers (i.e., performance on Digit Span Backward below the sample mean) and high performers (i.e., performance above the mean). Twenty healthy individuals performed the tasks in two sessions without taking drugs. Results. Passing from the “off” to the “on” state, only low performer PD patients significantly improved their performance on high-flexibility measures (interference condition of the Stroop test; P<0.05); no significant effect was found on low-flexibility tasks. Conclusions. These findings document that high-flexibility processes are sensitive to dopamine neuromodulation in the early phases of PD. This is in line with the hypothesis that striatal dopamine pathways, affected early by PD, are precociously implicated in the expression of cognitive disorders in these individuals. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/260896 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT albertocosta dopaminetreatmentandcognitivefunctioninginindividualswithparkinsonsdiseasethecognitiveflexibilityhypothesisseemstowork AT antonellapeppe dopaminetreatmentandcognitivefunctioninginindividualswithparkinsonsdiseasethecognitiveflexibilityhypothesisseemstowork AT ileniamazzu dopaminetreatmentandcognitivefunctioninginindividualswithparkinsonsdiseasethecognitiveflexibilityhypothesisseemstowork AT mariachiaralongarzo dopaminetreatmentandcognitivefunctioninginindividualswithparkinsonsdiseasethecognitiveflexibilityhypothesisseemstowork AT carlocaltagirone dopaminetreatmentandcognitivefunctioninginindividualswithparkinsonsdiseasethecognitiveflexibilityhypothesisseemstowork AT giovanniacarlesimo dopaminetreatmentandcognitivefunctioninginindividualswithparkinsonsdiseasethecognitiveflexibilityhypothesisseemstowork |
_version_ |
1721340568495194112 |