Singular Spectrum Analysis of the Total Electron Content Changes Prior to M ≥ 6.0 Earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland During 1998–2013
Early studies have shown evidence of the seismo-ionospheric perturbations prior to large earthquakes. Due to dynamic complexity in the ionosphere, the identification of precursory ionospheric changes is quite challenging. In this study, we analyze the total electron content (TEC) in the global ionos...
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doaj-3ad0f6007e144f12b1123bb8defc73ad2021-05-28T05:02:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Earth Science2296-64632021-05-01910.3389/feart.2021.677163677163Singular Spectrum Analysis of the Total Electron Content Changes Prior to M ≥ 6.0 Earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland During 1998–2013Hongyan Chen0Miao Miao1Ying Chang2Qiao Wang3Xuhui Shen4Katsumi Hattori5Katsumi Hattori6Peng Han7Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaDepartment of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaInstitute of Mining Engineering, BGRIMM Technology Group, Beijing, ChinaNational Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of China, Beijing, ChinaNational Institute of Natural Hazards, Ministry of Emergency Management of China, Beijing, ChinaGraduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, JapanCenter for Environmental Remote Sensing, Chiba University, Chiba, JapanDepartment of Earth and Space Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, ChinaEarly studies have shown evidence of the seismo-ionospheric perturbations prior to large earthquakes. Due to dynamic complexity in the ionosphere, the identification of precursory ionospheric changes is quite challenging. In this study, we analyze the total electron content (TEC) in the global ionosphere map and investigate the TEC changes prior to M ≥ 6.0 earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland during 1998–2013 to identify possible seismo-ionospheric precursors. Singular spectrum analysis is applied to extract the trend and periodic variations including diurnal and semi-diurnal components, which are dominated by solar activities. The residual ΔTEC which is mainly composed of errors and possible perturbations induced by earthquakes and geomagnetic activities is further investigated, and the root-mean-square error is employed to detect anomalous changes. The F10.7 and Dst index is also used as criterion to rule out the anomalies when intense solar or geomagnetic activities occur. Our results are consistent with those of previous studies. It is confirmed that the negative anomalies are dominant 1–5 days before the earthquakes at the fixed point (35°N, 90°E) during 0600–1000 LT. The anomalies are more obvious near the epicenter area. The singular spectrum analysis method help to establish a more reliable variation background of TEC and thus may improve the identification of precursory ionospheric changes.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.677163/fulltotal electronic contentearthquakesingular spectrum analysisionospheric anomalystatistical analysis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hongyan Chen Miao Miao Ying Chang Qiao Wang Xuhui Shen Katsumi Hattori Katsumi Hattori Peng Han |
spellingShingle |
Hongyan Chen Miao Miao Ying Chang Qiao Wang Xuhui Shen Katsumi Hattori Katsumi Hattori Peng Han Singular Spectrum Analysis of the Total Electron Content Changes Prior to M ≥ 6.0 Earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland During 1998–2013 Frontiers in Earth Science total electronic content earthquake singular spectrum analysis ionospheric anomaly statistical analysis |
author_facet |
Hongyan Chen Miao Miao Ying Chang Qiao Wang Xuhui Shen Katsumi Hattori Katsumi Hattori Peng Han |
author_sort |
Hongyan Chen |
title |
Singular Spectrum Analysis of the Total Electron Content Changes Prior to M ≥ 6.0 Earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland During 1998–2013 |
title_short |
Singular Spectrum Analysis of the Total Electron Content Changes Prior to M ≥ 6.0 Earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland During 1998–2013 |
title_full |
Singular Spectrum Analysis of the Total Electron Content Changes Prior to M ≥ 6.0 Earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland During 1998–2013 |
title_fullStr |
Singular Spectrum Analysis of the Total Electron Content Changes Prior to M ≥ 6.0 Earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland During 1998–2013 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Singular Spectrum Analysis of the Total Electron Content Changes Prior to M ≥ 6.0 Earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland During 1998–2013 |
title_sort |
singular spectrum analysis of the total electron content changes prior to m ≥ 6.0 earthquakes in the chinese mainland during 1998–2013 |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Earth Science |
issn |
2296-6463 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
Early studies have shown evidence of the seismo-ionospheric perturbations prior to large earthquakes. Due to dynamic complexity in the ionosphere, the identification of precursory ionospheric changes is quite challenging. In this study, we analyze the total electron content (TEC) in the global ionosphere map and investigate the TEC changes prior to M ≥ 6.0 earthquakes in the Chinese Mainland during 1998–2013 to identify possible seismo-ionospheric precursors. Singular spectrum analysis is applied to extract the trend and periodic variations including diurnal and semi-diurnal components, which are dominated by solar activities. The residual ΔTEC which is mainly composed of errors and possible perturbations induced by earthquakes and geomagnetic activities is further investigated, and the root-mean-square error is employed to detect anomalous changes. The F10.7 and Dst index is also used as criterion to rule out the anomalies when intense solar or geomagnetic activities occur. Our results are consistent with those of previous studies. It is confirmed that the negative anomalies are dominant 1–5 days before the earthquakes at the fixed point (35°N, 90°E) during 0600–1000 LT. The anomalies are more obvious near the epicenter area. The singular spectrum analysis method help to establish a more reliable variation background of TEC and thus may improve the identification of precursory ionospheric changes. |
topic |
total electronic content earthquake singular spectrum analysis ionospheric anomaly statistical analysis |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.677163/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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