SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain as a Stable-Potential Target for SARS-CoV-2 Detection by Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
In this work, we report a new approach for detecting SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein (RBD) using the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique. The optical enhancement was obtained thanks to the preparation of nanostructured Ag/Au substrates. Fabricated Au/Ag nanostructures were used in the SERS e...
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doaj-3b769adb3363417cac12090e9e112e102021-07-15T15:46:07ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-07-01214617461710.3390/s21134617SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain as a Stable-Potential Target for SARS-CoV-2 Detection by Surface—Enhanced Raman SpectroscopyChawki Awada0Mohammed Mahfoudh BA Abdullah1Hassan Traboulsi2Chahinez Dab3Adil Alshoaibi4Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDépartement de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Campus de MIL, Montréal, QC H2V 0B3, CanadaDepartment of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaIn this work, we report a new approach for detecting SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein (RBD) using the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique. The optical enhancement was obtained thanks to the preparation of nanostructured Ag/Au substrates. Fabricated Au/Ag nanostructures were used in the SERS experiment for RBD protein detection. SERS substrates show higher capabilities and sensitivity to detect RBD protein in a short time (3 s) and with very low power. We were able to push the detection limit of proteins to a single protein detection level of 1 pM. The latter is equivalent to 1 fM as a detection limit of viruses. Additionally, we have shown that the SERS technique was useful to figure out the presence of RBD protein on antibody functionalized substrates. In this case, the SERS detection was based on protein-antibody recognition, which led to shifts in the Raman peaks and allowed signal discrimination between RBD and other targets such as Bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein. A perfect agreement between a 3D simulated model based on finite element method and experiment was reported confirming the SERS frequency shift potential for trace proteins detection. Our results could open the way to develop a new prototype based on SERS sensitivity and selectivity for rapid detection at a very low concentration of virus and even at a single protein level.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/13/4617SERSSARS-COV-2 receptor binding domainsilver/gold nanostructuresBSA |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Chawki Awada Mohammed Mahfoudh BA Abdullah Hassan Traboulsi Chahinez Dab Adil Alshoaibi |
spellingShingle |
Chawki Awada Mohammed Mahfoudh BA Abdullah Hassan Traboulsi Chahinez Dab Adil Alshoaibi SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain as a Stable-Potential Target for SARS-CoV-2 Detection by Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Sensors SERS SARS-COV-2 receptor binding domain silver/gold nanostructures BSA |
author_facet |
Chawki Awada Mohammed Mahfoudh BA Abdullah Hassan Traboulsi Chahinez Dab Adil Alshoaibi |
author_sort |
Chawki Awada |
title |
SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain as a Stable-Potential Target for SARS-CoV-2 Detection by Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_short |
SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain as a Stable-Potential Target for SARS-CoV-2 Detection by Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_full |
SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain as a Stable-Potential Target for SARS-CoV-2 Detection by Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_fullStr |
SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain as a Stable-Potential Target for SARS-CoV-2 Detection by Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_full_unstemmed |
SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain as a Stable-Potential Target for SARS-CoV-2 Detection by Surface—Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy |
title_sort |
sars-cov-2 receptor binding domain as a stable-potential target for sars-cov-2 detection by surface—enhanced raman spectroscopy |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sensors |
issn |
1424-8220 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
In this work, we report a new approach for detecting SARS-CoV-2 RBD protein (RBD) using the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique. The optical enhancement was obtained thanks to the preparation of nanostructured Ag/Au substrates. Fabricated Au/Ag nanostructures were used in the SERS experiment for RBD protein detection. SERS substrates show higher capabilities and sensitivity to detect RBD protein in a short time (3 s) and with very low power. We were able to push the detection limit of proteins to a single protein detection level of 1 pM. The latter is equivalent to 1 fM as a detection limit of viruses. Additionally, we have shown that the SERS technique was useful to figure out the presence of RBD protein on antibody functionalized substrates. In this case, the SERS detection was based on protein-antibody recognition, which led to shifts in the Raman peaks and allowed signal discrimination between RBD and other targets such as Bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein. A perfect agreement between a 3D simulated model based on finite element method and experiment was reported confirming the SERS frequency shift potential for trace proteins detection. Our results could open the way to develop a new prototype based on SERS sensitivity and selectivity for rapid detection at a very low concentration of virus and even at a single protein level. |
topic |
SERS SARS-COV-2 receptor binding domain silver/gold nanostructures BSA |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/13/4617 |
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