Models of Coupled Settlement and Habitat Networks for Biodiversity Conservation: Conceptual Framework, Implementation and Potential Applications
Worldwide, the expansion of settlement and transport infrastructure is one of the most important proximate as well as ultimate causes of biodiversity loss. As much as every modern human society depends on a network of settlements that is well-connected by transport infrastructure (i.e., settlement n...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-04-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2018.00041/full |
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doaj-3bdcec3d90534ebda985abcf4c20f116 |
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Article |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Maarten J. van Strien Kay W. Axhausen Ilka Dubernet Antoine Guisan Antoine Guisan Adrienne Grêt-Regamey Amin Khiali-Miab Damian O. Ortiz-Rodríguez Damian O. Ortiz-Rodríguez Rolf Holderegger Rolf Holderegger |
spellingShingle |
Maarten J. van Strien Kay W. Axhausen Ilka Dubernet Antoine Guisan Antoine Guisan Adrienne Grêt-Regamey Amin Khiali-Miab Damian O. Ortiz-Rodríguez Damian O. Ortiz-Rodríguez Rolf Holderegger Rolf Holderegger Models of Coupled Settlement and Habitat Networks for Biodiversity Conservation: Conceptual Framework, Implementation and Potential Applications Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution social-ecological system land-use transport interaction spatial networks habitat connectivity land-use planning transport planning |
author_facet |
Maarten J. van Strien Kay W. Axhausen Ilka Dubernet Antoine Guisan Antoine Guisan Adrienne Grêt-Regamey Amin Khiali-Miab Damian O. Ortiz-Rodríguez Damian O. Ortiz-Rodríguez Rolf Holderegger Rolf Holderegger |
author_sort |
Maarten J. van Strien |
title |
Models of Coupled Settlement and Habitat Networks for Biodiversity Conservation: Conceptual Framework, Implementation and Potential Applications |
title_short |
Models of Coupled Settlement and Habitat Networks for Biodiversity Conservation: Conceptual Framework, Implementation and Potential Applications |
title_full |
Models of Coupled Settlement and Habitat Networks for Biodiversity Conservation: Conceptual Framework, Implementation and Potential Applications |
title_fullStr |
Models of Coupled Settlement and Habitat Networks for Biodiversity Conservation: Conceptual Framework, Implementation and Potential Applications |
title_full_unstemmed |
Models of Coupled Settlement and Habitat Networks for Biodiversity Conservation: Conceptual Framework, Implementation and Potential Applications |
title_sort |
models of coupled settlement and habitat networks for biodiversity conservation: conceptual framework, implementation and potential applications |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
issn |
2296-701X |
publishDate |
2018-04-01 |
description |
Worldwide, the expansion of settlement and transport infrastructure is one of the most important proximate as well as ultimate causes of biodiversity loss. As much as every modern human society depends on a network of settlements that is well-connected by transport infrastructure (i.e., settlement network), animal and plant species depend on networks of habitats between which they can move (i.e., habitat networks). However, changes to a settlement network in a region often threaten the integrity of the region's habitat networks. Determining plans and policy to prevent these threats is made difficult by the numerous interactions and feedbacks that exist between and within the settlement and habitat networks. Mathematical models of coupled settlement and habitat networks can help us understand the dynamics of this social-ecological system. Yet, few attempts have been made to develop such mathematical models. In this paper, we promote the development of models of coupled settlement and habitat networks for biodiversity conservation. First, we present a conceptual framework of key variables that are ideally considered when operationalizing the coupling of settlement and habitat networks. In this framework, we first describe important network-internal interactions by differentiating between the structural (i.e., relating to purely physical conditions determining the suitability of a location for living or movement) and functional (i.e., relating to the actual presence, abundance or movement of people or other organisms) properties of either network. We then describe the main one-way influences that a settlement network can exert on the habitat networks and vice versa. Second, we give several recommendations for the mathematical modeling of coupled settlement and habitat networks and present several existing modeling approaches (e.g., habitat network models and land-use transport interaction models) that could be used for this purpose. Lastly, we elaborate on potential applications of models of coupled settlement and habitat networks in the development of complex network theory, in the assessment of system resilience and in conservation, transport and urban planning. The development of coupled settlement and habitat network models is important to gain a better system-level understanding of biodiversity conservation under a rapidly urbanizing and growing human population. |
topic |
social-ecological system land-use transport interaction spatial networks habitat connectivity land-use planning transport planning |
url |
http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2018.00041/full |
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doaj-3bdcec3d90534ebda985abcf4c20f1162020-11-24T21:59:56ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2018-04-01610.3389/fevo.2018.00041285523Models of Coupled Settlement and Habitat Networks for Biodiversity Conservation: Conceptual Framework, Implementation and Potential ApplicationsMaarten J. van Strien0Kay W. Axhausen1Ilka Dubernet2Antoine Guisan3Antoine Guisan4Adrienne Grêt-Regamey5Amin Khiali-Miab6Damian O. Ortiz-Rodríguez7Damian O. Ortiz-Rodríguez8Rolf Holderegger9Rolf Holderegger10Planning of Landscape and Urban Systems, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandInstitute for Transport Planning and Systems, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandInstitute for Transport Planning and Systems, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandInstitute of Earth Surface Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, SwitzerlandPlanning of Landscape and Urban Systems, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandPlanning of Landscape and Urban Systems, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandPlanning of Landscape and Urban Systems, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandBiodiversity and Conservation Biology, WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, SwitzerlandBiodiversity and Conservation Biology, WSL Swiss Federal Research Institute, Birmensdorf, SwitzerlandInstitute of Integrative Biology, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandWorldwide, the expansion of settlement and transport infrastructure is one of the most important proximate as well as ultimate causes of biodiversity loss. As much as every modern human society depends on a network of settlements that is well-connected by transport infrastructure (i.e., settlement network), animal and plant species depend on networks of habitats between which they can move (i.e., habitat networks). However, changes to a settlement network in a region often threaten the integrity of the region's habitat networks. Determining plans and policy to prevent these threats is made difficult by the numerous interactions and feedbacks that exist between and within the settlement and habitat networks. Mathematical models of coupled settlement and habitat networks can help us understand the dynamics of this social-ecological system. Yet, few attempts have been made to develop such mathematical models. In this paper, we promote the development of models of coupled settlement and habitat networks for biodiversity conservation. First, we present a conceptual framework of key variables that are ideally considered when operationalizing the coupling of settlement and habitat networks. In this framework, we first describe important network-internal interactions by differentiating between the structural (i.e., relating to purely physical conditions determining the suitability of a location for living or movement) and functional (i.e., relating to the actual presence, abundance or movement of people or other organisms) properties of either network. We then describe the main one-way influences that a settlement network can exert on the habitat networks and vice versa. Second, we give several recommendations for the mathematical modeling of coupled settlement and habitat networks and present several existing modeling approaches (e.g., habitat network models and land-use transport interaction models) that could be used for this purpose. Lastly, we elaborate on potential applications of models of coupled settlement and habitat networks in the development of complex network theory, in the assessment of system resilience and in conservation, transport and urban planning. The development of coupled settlement and habitat network models is important to gain a better system-level understanding of biodiversity conservation under a rapidly urbanizing and growing human population.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fevo.2018.00041/fullsocial-ecological systemland-use transport interactionspatial networkshabitat connectivityland-use planningtransport planning |