Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Based On Free Sulfur Determination
The determination of free sulfur in the rubber vulcanizates provided significant representation of vulcanization reaction. In this research, the effects of vulcanization temperature, the mixing method of carbon black into rubber, the ingredients mixing sequence and the type of carbon black were stud...
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doaj-3be611b6b4774779a0c742898aa0db152020-11-25T01:27:42ZengUniversitas Gadjah MadaIndonesian Journal of Chemistry1411-94202460-15782013-05-01131212710.22146/ijc.2132114419Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Based On Free Sulfur DeterminationAbu Hasan0Rochmadi Rochmadi1Hary Sulistyo2Suharto Honggokusumo3Department of Chemical Engineering, State Polytechnic of Sriwijaya, Jl. Srijaya Negara Bukit Besar, Palembang 30139Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika no. 2 Yogyakarta 55281Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Grafika no. 2 Yogyakarta 55281Gapkindo (The Indonesian Rubber Association), Jl. Cideng Barat no 62A Jakarta 10150The determination of free sulfur in the rubber vulcanizates provided significant representation of vulcanization reaction. In this research, the effects of vulcanization temperature, the mixing method of carbon black into rubber, the ingredients mixing sequence and the type of carbon black were studied on masticated and milled natural rubber in which the reaction was observed by un-reacted sulfur determination. The results showed that higher vulcanization temperature provided faster vulcanization reaction and greater reaction rate constant. Similarly, the mixing sequence of ingredient and carbon black into rubber influenced the rate of vulcanization reaction. The subsequent ingredients mixing sequence, in this case, resulted in higher vulcanization rate compared to that of the simultaneous one. However, the mixing method of carbon black into rubber brought small effect on the rate of vulcanization reaction. The type of carbon black applied was observed to influence the reaction rate of vulcanization. Smaller particle sizes of carbon black gave larger reaction rate constant. In this case, the type of carbon black N 330 gave faster vulcanization rate than that of N 660.https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijc/article/view/21321natural rubberkineticssulfurvulcanization |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Abu Hasan Rochmadi Rochmadi Hary Sulistyo Suharto Honggokusumo |
spellingShingle |
Abu Hasan Rochmadi Rochmadi Hary Sulistyo Suharto Honggokusumo Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Based On Free Sulfur Determination Indonesian Journal of Chemistry natural rubber kinetics sulfur vulcanization |
author_facet |
Abu Hasan Rochmadi Rochmadi Hary Sulistyo Suharto Honggokusumo |
author_sort |
Abu Hasan |
title |
Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Based On Free Sulfur Determination |
title_short |
Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Based On Free Sulfur Determination |
title_full |
Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Based On Free Sulfur Determination |
title_fullStr |
Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Based On Free Sulfur Determination |
title_full_unstemmed |
Vulcanization Kinetics of Natural Rubber Based On Free Sulfur Determination |
title_sort |
vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber based on free sulfur determination |
publisher |
Universitas Gadjah Mada |
series |
Indonesian Journal of Chemistry |
issn |
1411-9420 2460-1578 |
publishDate |
2013-05-01 |
description |
The determination of free sulfur in the rubber vulcanizates provided significant representation of vulcanization reaction. In this research, the effects of vulcanization temperature, the mixing method of carbon black into rubber, the ingredients mixing sequence and the type of carbon black were studied on masticated and milled natural rubber in which the reaction was observed by un-reacted sulfur determination. The results showed that higher vulcanization temperature provided faster vulcanization reaction and greater reaction rate constant. Similarly, the mixing sequence of ingredient and carbon black into rubber influenced the rate of vulcanization reaction. The subsequent ingredients mixing sequence, in this case, resulted in higher vulcanization rate compared to that of the simultaneous one. However, the mixing method of carbon black into rubber brought small effect on the rate of vulcanization reaction. The type of carbon black applied was observed to influence the reaction rate of vulcanization. Smaller particle sizes of carbon black gave larger reaction rate constant. In this case, the type of carbon black N 330 gave faster vulcanization rate than that of N 660. |
topic |
natural rubber kinetics sulfur vulcanization |
url |
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijc/article/view/21321 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT abuhasan vulcanizationkineticsofnaturalrubberbasedonfreesulfurdetermination AT rochmadirochmadi vulcanizationkineticsofnaturalrubberbasedonfreesulfurdetermination AT harysulistyo vulcanizationkineticsofnaturalrubberbasedonfreesulfurdetermination AT suhartohonggokusumo vulcanizationkineticsofnaturalrubberbasedonfreesulfurdetermination |
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1715764519789133824 |